美国对华政策的演变及其国际影响_英语论文

American Policies toward China- Changes and Influences on the World Political and Economic Situations 

摘要

在当今经济与科技迅猛发展的态势下，国际局势似乎也变得甚为微妙，有点“牵一发，而动全身”。 中美两国，一个是世界上最大的发展中国家，拥有丰富的劳动力资源，明显的成本优势，广阔的市场和无可限量的发展潜力；另一个是拥有世界上最强大经济和科技实力的世界上最大的发达国家。中美两国的关系，直接影响到世界经济的发展。本文以国际关系史上美国对华政策的演变为线索，以美国对华政策的历史文献及国家所处的历史背景为研究基础，通过文本细读和文本分析，洞察美国对华政策的特点和实质，结合不同时期国际形势的变化展开论述，客观地追溯中美关系的历史，考察中美关系的发展、特点和影响因素，认真地分析现状，并对其发展前景进行深入研究和探讨，有助于我们总结经验，更好地面对中美关系中存在的问题，规划中美关系的未来，探讨中美两国在国际政治方面合作的基础，从而促进中美关系的健康发展。这不仅符合两国人民的根本利益，也符合世界人民的根本利益。因此，研究中美之间的关系不仅有重大理论意义而且有重大的现实意义。

关键词：国际形势; 政治; 经济; 中美关系; 国际影响 

Abstract

In the context of rapid economical and technological development, the international situation becomes subtle: a slight move in one part may affect the whole situation. China is the largest developing country in the world, which possesses abundance of labor resources, and obvious cost advantage, broad market and limitless potentiality. America is the world’s largest developed country which owns the strongest economy and technology. The relationship between the above tow countries directly influences the development of world economy. The thesis thoroughly examines the features and substance of American policy toward China, and expounds on the changes in international situation of different times by taking the evolution of American policy toward China as the clue and adopting the historical literature of American policy & the historical background as the foundation of research. It then objectively traces the history of China-US relation, investigates the development, feature and influence factors of China-US relation, and deeply analyzes and discusses the current situation and the prospect. This can be beneficial to sum up experience, better confront with the existing problems, plan for the future of China-US relation, discuss the basis of international political cooperation, and promotion of China-US relation. This conforms to both the basic interests of the two countries and the interests of the world. Therefore, the research on China-US relation is significant in both theory and practice.

Key words: international situation; economic; policy; international influence; Sino-America relationship

Contents

Acknowledgement 1

Introduction 5

1. The Relationship of US-China 6

1.1 American Policy toward China Since 1949 6

1.2 The Current Situation of US-China 8

2. The History of Sino-US Relationship 8

2.1 The Restraint from America in China since the Foundation of PRC 9

2.1.1 China and US Allied to Check on the Soviet Union in the Next 20 Years 11

2.1.2 China-US Relation Reduced to a Deadlock after Disintegration of Soviet Union 12

2.2 China- US Relation Become Normalized 13

2.2.1 The Advantages of Stable Relation between China and US 13

2.2.2 The Influence of Economic Rising of China in 2001 on China-US Relation.. 14

3. China-US Conflicts in Economy and Trade 14

3.1 The Fight of Economic Interests between China and US Led to the Instability in International Market 15

3.1.1 The Acceleration of Trade Volume in the Period of Stable China-US Relation in  1990s 16

3.1.2 The Changes in International Economic Situation Triggered by Sino-US Economic  Relationship 17

3.2 Conflicts between Free Economy Union Headed by US and State-owned Economic Union Headed by China 18

Conclusion 19

References 20