美式英语的形成与演变-基于文学作品的语篇分析_英语论文

The Formation and Evolution of American English: Based on the Discourse Analysis of Classical Documents

摘要

美国英语是伊丽莎白时期英语的分支，是通过英国一系列殖民活动产生并发展的一种语言。外来语的入侵以及随着潘恩、马克·吐温、海明威等经典作家的代表著作的诞生，美式英语在语音、词汇（包括词源、构词法）、句法、篇章等方面形成了其独特的特点和规律并且被不停地丰富和传播。在继承了传统英语的基础上，美式英语又具有多样性和创新性的特点。随着美国的不断强大，又由于一系列的社会、历史、文化等各个方面的原因，美式英语逐渐成为了社会的主流语言。本文通过对美式英语的深度剖析，对美式英语的未来进行展望。

关键词：殖民活动；文学作品；多样性；国际地位

Abstract

American English is a branch of English during the period of Elizabeth, it is a kind of language produced and developed through a series of British colonial activities. In the course of the invasion of foreign languages and the establishment of the representative writings by Paine, Mark Twain, Hemingway and other classical writers, American English formed its own unique characteristics in pronunciation, vocabulary (including etymology, productive morphology), syntax and texts, American English keeps being constantly enriched and spread. On the basis of the traditional English, American English has the characteristics of diversity and creativity. With the growing of the United States and thanks to a series of social, historical and cultural reasons, American English has gradually become the most international language around the world. Through a deep analysis of American English, we can look into the future of American English.

Key words：colonial activities; literary works; diversity; international status

Contents

Introduction5

1. The Formation and Development of American English.5

1.1 The Formation of American English .5

1. 1. 1 The history of immigration during the colonial period.5

1.1.2 Benjamin Franklin —— the forerunner of American English5

1.1.3 The publication of American Dictionary of English Language6

  1.2 The Development of American English.6

    1.2.1 The invasion of the foreign words7

    1.2.2 The mutual promotion and coordinated development of American English and American Literature ....8

    1.2.2.1 The representative poets during the America colonial period..8

    1.2.2.2 The literature during the revolutionary period.9

    1.2.2.3 Early Romantic Literature..10

    1.2.2.4 Critical Realism Literature...10

2. The Characteristics of American English.11

  2.1 The diversity of American English.11

  2.2 The retention of the Old English..12

  2.3 The rich creation of American English.12

3. The social, historical and cultural reasons why American English can be the international language.12

 3.1 Colonialism & language expansion.13

  3.2 Cultural influence & international status.14

  3.3 The national economic, political and culture decides the status of American English15

4. The diversity of language & the prospect of American English.16

Conclusion 17

References.18