中美教育差异研究_英语论文

A Study of the Differences between Chinese and American Education

摘要

中美两国由于历史文化背景和政治体制等方面的不同，教育方式和教育目的存在很大的差异，所以教育的结果也就不同。21世纪，各国竞争越来越激烈，中国要想在国际事务中发挥重要作用，就得提高国家的综合国力。“百年大计，教育为本”振兴中华必须发展教育。美国作为一个建国两百多年，教育史长于国史的年轻国家，它没有我国引以为豪的悠久历史和博大精深的传统文化。历史不能伪造，所以两百多年间美国依靠教育立国，以科学技术成为当今世界的霸主。有人曾说“中国多天才，美国多大师”，对于中美教育差异大家的看法见仁见智。本文以国内外学者的著作为理论依托，以中美两国的学校教育和家庭教育为研究对象，通过对比研究分析出中美教育在学校教育和家庭教育两方面的差异，并阐释出导致差异的原因，最终得出两国在教育上应该坚持的好的方面，并且相互借鉴学习好的经验和方法进行优势互补。我国的社会环境和文化传统，使得我们不可能照搬美国的教育与模式。但是作为日益强大的国家，我们有必要吸收美国教育在培养学生独立性和创造性上的精华。

关键词：中国教育，美国教育，差异

Abstract

Due to the differences in the background of historic culture, political system and other various aspects，the educational ways and purposes have great difference. So the educational results are different. In the 21st century, the competition between nations is increasingly fierce. China has to improve the national comprehensive strength if China would like to play an important role in international affairs. “In one-hundred years strategy of a nation, education is the most important basic.” Education is the only way to revive China. The United States was established only over two hundred years. The history of education is longer than the national history. America has no centuries-off history, broad and profound and preeminent traditional culture. History can not be counterfeited and grabbed. And so America depends on education to develop the country during two hundred years. Nowadays, it becomes the overlord of the world relay on its science and technology. Someone once said, "China owns more geniuses, the United States more master", different people hold different views on the differences of education between China and America. This paper bases on the theory of domestic and foreign scholars, and school education and family education in China and America is research object. The purpose of this paper is to analyze China and US educational differences in school education and family education through the comparison analysis, and explain the causes of differences. Finally it is concluded that two countries should insist on good aspects in country’s education and learn good experience and methods each other to draw the strong points of others to offset one’s weakness. It is impossible for us to comply with American educational ways and models due to our country’s social environment and cultural tradition. But as an increasingly powerful country, it is necessary for us to absorb the essence of American education in training students' independence and creativity. 

Key words: Chinese education, American education, difference

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Literature Review 1

1.2 Structure of This Paper 2

2. The Relationship between Education and Historical Culture and Other Subjects. 2

2.1 The Relationship between Education and Politics 2

2.2 The Relationship between Education and Culture 3

2.3 The Relationship between Education and Economy 3

3. The Differences of the Education between China and America 4

3.1 School Education 4

3.1.1 Services Provided by School 5

3.1.2 Government's Management on Education 5

3.1.3 Barrier of Entering School 5

3.1.4 School Curriculum 7

3.1.5 Teaching Ways 7

3.1.6 Attitude to Knowledge and Teachers 8

3.1.7 System of Entrance Examination 9

3.1.8 The University Entrance Examinations 9

3.1.9 Types of Homework 10

3.2 Family Education 11

3.2.1 Expectation of Parents 11

3.2.2 Ways of Get Along 11

3.2.3 Financial Support 12

4. Reasons for Differences in Education 12

4.1 Historical and Political Reasons 12

4.2 Economic and Cultural Reasons 13

5. Conclusions 14

5.1 Findings 14

5.2 Limitations 15

Reference 16