摘要

艾米丽•勃朗特（1818-1848）是19世纪英国诗人与作家，与夏洛蒂•勃朗特和安•勃朗特并称“勃朗特三姐妹”。《呼啸山庄》是她唯一一部小说，但以此奠定了她在英国文学史及世界文学史上的地位。文中人物希斯克利夫的多重性格及其后期的人生经历与他流浪又被收养的童年经历相关联，也就是说，他的行为深受其早年经历的影响。本论文运用文献研究法与交叉研究法、以霍妮的社会文化神经症理论为理论基础、以希斯克利夫与周围人物的人际关系及交往交流为切入视角，发掘童年父母爱的缺失对希斯克利夫的个人成长与性格发展的影响。研究最终发现，希斯克利夫由于父母爱的缺失而产生了精神焦虑。为了满足由焦虑衍生出的精神需求，他在面对不同人的时候展现出三种不同的特性，即依从性格、攻击性格和离群性格。而由于他无法摆脱焦虑，最终导致了他死亡的悲剧。

关键词：艾米莉•勃朗特 呼啸山庄 霍妮 神经分析

Contents

1. Introduction 4

1.1 Emily Brontë and her Wuthering Height 4

1.2 Layout 4

1.3 Literature review 5

1.4 The Theories of Horney 7

2. The Forming of Heathcliff's Basic Evil and Basic Anxiety 9

2.1 The Influence under the social background 9

2.2 Heathcliff's Early Life and His psyche 9

3. Analysis of Heathcliff from Interpersonal Relationship 11

3.1 Getting along with Mr.Earnshaw 11

3.2 Getting along with Catherine 12

3.3 Interpersonal Relationship with Hindley 13

3.4 Interpersonal relationship with others 14

3.4.1 Interpersonal relationship with Isabella and Edgar Linton 14

3.4.2 Interpersonal relationship with the second Edgar and the second Catherine 14

3.4.3 Interpersonal Relationship with Hareton 14

3.4.4 Interpersonal relationship with the two servants 15

4. Analysis of Heathcliff from his life stage 16

4.1 Coming to Wuthering Heights 16

4.2 Life after the death of Mr.Earnshaw 17

4.3 Revenge after returning 17

4.4 The death of Heathcliff 18

5. Conclusion 19

Bibliography 21

Acknowledgments 23