中国灾难新闻报道的批评话语分析-以《华盛顿邮报》为例_英语论文

Critical Discourse Analysis on China Disaster News Reports --- Washington Post as a Case

摘要

随着时代的不断发展,人们掌握获取信息的手段日益增多。新闻媒体成为人们认识世界、影响人们的价值观和思想的重要方法。报道新闻已成为促进新闻传播的主要手段，在政治，经济，生活等方面都有着重要的影响。批评语言学家也越来越对看似客观的灾难性新闻产生研究兴趣。

批评话语分析作为一种新兴的语篇分析的一部分，自20世纪70年代出现以来，人们就开始把CDA应用在广泛的新闻语篇分析上。批评语篇分析关注的主要是语篇的实际运用。本文将用批评话语分析的原则对《华盛顿邮报》中的四篇报道进行分析。

通过仔细的研究，作者发现灾难新闻报道也是美国媒体选择出来为了实现对其读者意识形态的控制而运用的媒介。本论文将通过分析《华盛顿邮报》的新闻报道来揭示美国媒体隐藏的思想意识。通过本文的探讨，读者应当在阅读报纸新闻的过程中学会具有批评想法的去解读文章的政治内涵和提高自己批评分析的能力。

关键词:批评话语分析；灾难新闻语篇；意识形态 

Abstract

With the popularity of webs and communication tools, media has become the common way people know the world and has great influences on people’s value and thinking. The news not only change the way of communication, but also has a vital effect on the field of culture and politics. Many people think disaster news are important and neutral news, so disaster news has attracted people’s attention.

Critical discourse analysis or critical studies is a modern developed aspect of discourse analysis. Since its appearance in the 1970s, CDA has drawn critical linguists’ attention and has been widely used in news text analysis. It lays on the structures and meaning of the language and pays attention to the practical application of the discourse. This thesis selects four reports from The Washington post and uses critical discourse analysis technique to analyze the news coverage of the media in United States.

After research, the author finds that disaster news reports can be filled with ideologies and be employed by American media to express their ideologies on readers. This thesis will reveal the underlying ideology by analyzing the lexical classification, transitivity, modality and transformation in four reports. Through this thesis, readers should understand the political tendency and promote critical consciousness within different news in the process of reading.

Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis   Disaster news discourse   Ideology

Contents

Acknowledgments I

Abstract II

摘要 III

Chapter One Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the Study 1

1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study 1

1.3 Research Methodology 1

1.4 Structure of the Thesis 2

Chapter Two Literature Review 3

2.1Genaral Introduction to CDA 3

2.2 Previous Studies on CDA 3

2.3 Studies on CDA Abroad and Home 3

Chapter Three Critical Discourse Analysis on News Reports about China Disaster on Washington Post 5

3.1 Lexical Classification 5

3.2 Transitivity 7

3.2.1 Material process 7

3.2.2 Verbal process 8

3.3 Modality 9

3.4Transformation 10

3.4.1 Nominalization 10

3.4.2 Passivization 11

3.5 Summary 11

Chapter Four Conclusion 13

References 14