英语定语从句的翻译策略-基于希拉里2009年告别总统竞选演讲的文本分析_英语论文

Translation Strategies of Attributive Clauses in Hillary Clinton’s 2009 Farewell Presidential Campaign Speech

摘要

定语从句在本科生的日常学习中占据很大的比重。本论文旨在参考前人相关研究的基础上，基于对希拉里2009年告别总统竞选演讲的文本分析，探究定语从句的翻译策略。

本文的研究过程中主要采用了四种方法：文献综述法，文本分析法，分类、举例法。首先，本文中收集了前人所著的定语从句翻译策略的相关文献，并对其进行归纳概述。其次选定了希拉里告别总统竞选演讲的文本，对文本中的49个英语定语从句译文进行分析分类，并举例论述，深入探究英译汉翻译实践中定语从句的翻译策略以及每一种翻译策略所适用的情况，最后得出结论：定语从句的翻译策略可以从以下两个部分分析：限制性定语从句的翻译策略和非限制性定语从句的翻译策略。限制性定语从句的翻译策略可以分为四种：前置译法，后置译法，融合法，译为状语从句。非限制性定语从句的译法包括前置翻法和融合法两种。

研究发现英语定语从句与汉语定语从句的最大区别在于：英语的定语从句一般置于先行词之后，而汉语的定语从句一般情况下译为“.的”或者两个独立的分句。因此，汉译时必须适当地调整语序，尽量遵循汉语的语言表达习惯。

关键词：定语从句；翻译策略；英译汉；希拉里演讲

Abstract

In undergraduates’ English learning, the attributive clause makes up a large proportion. By referring to the related researches done by predecessors, the thesis aims at exploring the translation strategy of the attributive clause based on Hillary Clinton’s 2009 Farewell Presidential Campaign Speech.

During the procedure of the thesis, four methods are used: literature review, textual analysis, classification and exemplification. Firstly, the related researches done by predecessors are collected and summarized. Then, the text of the Hillary Clinton's Farewell Presidential Campaign Speech is selected. By using the method of classification and exemplification, the 49 attributive clauses and their translations are analyzed to seek for the translation strategy of the attributive clause and the applicable situations for each kind of translation strategy. Finally, a conclusion is made: the translation strategies of the attributive clauses can be analyzed from two parts: the translation strategies of restrictive attributive clauses and non-restrictive attributive clauses. The former part can be divided into four aspects: prepositioning, post-positioning, combination and translating into adverbial clauses. Two aspects are included in the the latter part: prepositioning and combination.

The research shows that the biggest difference between English and Chinese attributive clauses lies in that English attributive clauses are commonly put behind antecedents, while Chinese attributive clauses are translated into “.de” (的 in Chinese) or independent clauses ordinarily. Therefore, it is necessary for undergraduates to readjust the word order properly by following the Chinese language usages.

Key words: attributive clause; translation strategy; English-Chinese translation; Hillary Clinton's speech

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Review 2

3 Methodology 4

3.1 Research questions 4

3.2 Text under analysis 5

3.3 Data collection and analysis 5

4 Classification and Exemplification 5

4.1 The translation strategies of restrictive attributive clauses 6

4.1.1 Prepositioning 6

4.1.2 Postpositioning 7

 4.1.2.1 Repeating the meaning of the antecedent 7

 4.1.2.2 Omitting the meaning of the antecedent 8

 4.1.2.3 Translating into independent clauses 9

4.1.3 Combination 9

4.1.4 Translating into adverbial clauses 10

4.2 The translation strategies of non-restrictive attributive clauses 10

4.2.1 Prepositioning 11

4.2.2 Combination 11

5 Conclusion 11

References .14

Appendix.15