《刀锋》和《悉达多》中体现的作者人生观对比_英语论文

A Comparative Study of the Authors’ Life Views Respectively in Blade and Siddhartha

摘要

威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆是英国著名的小说家、戏剧家。他通过不同时期的几部小说，展现了现代人的精神危机，引发人们对人生的思索，反思自身的存在价值以及如何去超越自我，创造更好的人生境界。赫尔曼·黑塞是德国著名作家，他的作品多采用，文笔优美细腻；由于受精神分析影响，他的作品着重在精神领域里进行挖掘探索，无畏而诚实地剖析内心。毛姆和黑塞几乎算是同时代的作家，他们两人都通过自己独特的风格和艺术性，将自身的人生观极致地融入到作品之中。

本文选取了两人较具代表性的作品《刀锋》和《悉达多》，将对他们的人生观作对比研究。通过对这两部小说中所体现的作者人生观的对比，无论是他们相似的观点还是他们不同的个人生活，都表明了两位作者的人生观对于目前社会中弥漫的价值堕落、精神虚无等心灵危机的现代意义。

本文旨在解读这两部小说中所体现的毛姆与黑塞的人生观，通过主人公的人物性格、作者的写作手法、小说的语言风格等，对比两位作者人生目的、人生态度、人生价值的异同，阐述其思想对当代人的进步意义以及其思想中存在的历史局限性。

关键词：毛姆；黑塞；《刀锋》；《悉达多》；人生观；对比

Abstract

William Somerset Maugham is a famous novelist and dramatist in Britain. He causes people to think about life, reflect on their own values and how to transcend themselves to create a better life by showing the spiritual crisis of the modern generation through his several novels in different periods. Hermann Hesse is a famous writer in Germany. His works adopt much symbolic techniques, full of elegant and delicate writing. Due to the impact of psychoanalysis, his works put much emphasis on the excavation in the spiritual field, analyzing the inner-heart fearlessly and honestly. Maugham and Hesse live nearly in the same time. They both assimilate their life views extremely into their works through their unique styles and artistry. 

The thesis selects their representative works Blade and Siddhartha to make a comparative study on their life views. By comparing the authors’ life views in the two works, it can be found that both the similarities of their perspectives and the differences of their personal lives demonstrate that their life views are of great significance to the spiritual crisis such as the fallen value, spiritual nothingness which are widespread in our modern society.

This thesis attempts to investigate Maugham and Hesse’s life views in the two novels. The thesis compares the similarities and differences of the two authors’ purposes of life, attitudes of life and values of life through the protagonists’ characters, the novels’ writing techniques and the language styles, elaborating the inspirations and the historical limitations of their life views to modern people. 

Key words: Maugham; Hesse; Blade; Siddhartha; life views; comparison

Contents

Acknowledgements i

Abstract & Key words in English ii

Abstract & Key words in Chinese iii

Introduction.1

1. Overview of life view. .2

  1.1 Definition of life view 2

  1.2 Introduction of Maugham’s and Hesse’s life views 3

2. Comparison of Maugham’s and Hesse’s life views in the two novels  .. 4

  2.1 Purposes of life .. 5

  2.2 Attitudes of life8

  2.3 Values of life. 10

3. Comments on Maugham’s and Hesse’s life views  11

  3.1 Inspiration to modern people 12

  3.2 Historical limitations. 12

Conclusion .. 13

References . .15