从林语堂的文化身份看《浮生六记》的翻译_英语论文

Cultural Hybridity: A Study of the Translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life from the Perspective of Lin Yutang’s Cultural Identity

摘要

译者的文化身份决定其文化立场，而文化立场的确立无疑影响着译者的翻译观，进而影响其翻译的策略。本文欲就从林语堂先生的文化身份视角出发，对其所译的《浮生六记》进行文化解读，分析其中异化与归化手法的运用和文化杂合情况。林语堂先生是一个典型的弱势文化作家的代表，当时他正处于西方强势文化的重压之下，要想获得异国主流文化的认同，就必须遵循西方主流社会的规范和满足西方读者的期待。同时，为了构建自身民族文化身份，他必须使用中国传统的文化资源作为自身的标签。即其在翻译时既要考虑自己固有的中华民族文化身份，又要考虑作为族裔散居者的文化身份，同时还要考虑到美利坚民族读者的文化身份。作者发现为了使自己民族的价值观念、生活方式、语言、精神世界为世界所认识和了解，消减强势文化霸权的现象，以提高自己民族在世界的地位，林语堂在翻译代表中国生活艺术以及文化精神的《浮生六记》时采取了直译、意译、音译、注释、省略等多种翻译手法；在文化差异性的处理上，异化和归化兼而有之，将多种翻译策略巧妙地运用在翻译实践里，得到适应目标读者的译本，并且在最大程度上化解中英文化间的差异，使得译文呈现出杂合翻译的特点。

关键词：杂合; 翻译策略; 文化身份; 《浮生六记》; 归化与异化

Abstract

The cultural identity of the translator determines its cultural position, and the establishment of the cultural standpoint undoubtedly has influence on the translator's view of translation, thus affecting its translation strategy. This paper attempts to interpret the translation of the Six Chapters of a Floating Life from the perspective of Lin Yutang's cultural identity, and analyze the use of domestication and foreignization and the phenomenon of cultural hybridity. Lin Yutang, a typical representative of the weak cultural writers, was under the great pressure of strong culture in west, having had to follow the norms of the mainstream in Western society and meet the expectations of the Western reader in order to be recognized by the mainstream in foreign countries. Meanwhile, he needed to view traditional Chinese cultural works as a resource of spreading Chinese culture for constructing his own national cultural identity. That is he should not only consider both the inherent cultural identity of the Chinese nationality in translation and the cultural identity of the ethnic diaspora, but also take into account the cultural identity of the American national readers. It can be seen that Lin Yutang, when translating Six Chapters of Floating Life which is on behalf of the Chinese living art and cultural spirit, adopted a combination of domestication and foreignization, cleverly using a great diversity of translation strategies in translation practice, in order to let the world know and understand his own national values, lifestyles, language, spiritual world, banish the hegemony of the strong culture as well as enhance his own national status. Eventually he succeeded in translating the translations that the target reader could accept and resolved, to the greatest extent, differences between Chinese and English cultural and make the translation show the characteristics of hybridity.

Key words: hybridity; translation strategy; cultural identity; Six Chapters of a Floating Life; domestication and foreignization

Contents

Acknowledgements i

Abstract & Key words in English ii

Abstract & Key words in Chinese iii

Introduction 1

1. Translator’s cultural identity and translation 1

1.1 Cultural identity 2

1.2 Influence of cultural identity on translation 3

2. Lin Yutang and Six Chapters of a Floating Life 4

2.1 Lin Yutang’s cultural identity 4

2.2 Lin Yutang’s choice of Six Chapters of a Floating Life for translation 5

3. Cultural hybridity: Lin Yutang’s strategy in translating Six Chapters of a Floating Life in line with his cultural identity 6

3.1 Cultural hybridity 7

3.2 The cultural hybridity in Lin Yutang’s translation of Six Chapters of a Floating Life 8

3.2.1 Flexible application of domestication and foreignization 8

3.2.1.1 Domestication 8

3.2.1.2 Foreignization 11

3.2.2 Transliteration 14

3.2.3 Annotation 15

3.2.4 Literal translation 16

3.2.5 Free translation 17

Conclusion 18

References 19