论塞林格的《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿·考尔菲德的边缘性特征_英语论文

Holden Caulfield's Marginal Characteristics in Salinger 's The Catcher in the Rye

摘要

杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格是美国文学历史上最重要的小说家之一。他的著名小说，《麦田里的守望者》，生动形象地向我们展示了二战后的美国青年形象。这本小说意图反映二战后美国青年对待生活和道德上的困惑与矛盾，表达了美国年轻一代内心世界的孤独与无助。小说围绕着霍尔顿从潘西学校开除后在纽约城徘徊闲逛的几天经历展开，在这几天生活中，霍尔顿的心理活动发生了巨大的变化，他的性格也跟着逐渐的改变。

《麦田里的守望者》引领了现代美国文学的新潮流。因为各种各样的文章和专著的出版，塞林格也获得了前所未有的荣誉。从那时起，人们对这本小说进行了大量的研究，不管是在主要人物上还是在小说的内在意义上等等方面。尽管如此，当从主人公性格的边缘性特征入手分析这本著作时，大多数评论家还是会把焦点关注在主角的反抗方式上。本篇论文将会在认真阅读完小说后通过全面的调查分析原因来论述人物的边缘性特征。就先前的研究基础上，我会尝试从四个方面来解释分析霍尔顿的边缘性：懦弱与消极，逃避社会和语言特征。国内外研究中当涉及到霍尔顿的边缘性时很少有从最后一点即语言特征出发来研究的，所以我会着重在这一论点上。通过研究，这可以帮助读者更好的理解人物形象，特别是他的内心世界。再者，这也可以让读者了解二十世纪五十年代美国青年的心理状态同时也更好的明白作者创造霍尔顿这一人物形象的意图。

关键词：杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格；霍尔顿；边缘性；二战

Abstract

Jerome David Salinger is one of the most significant Amercian novelists in the American literary history. His famous novel, The Catcher in the Rye, vividly shows us an image of a teenager after Second World War. It is intended to reflect the World War II confusing contradictions of American youth's outlook on life and morality, revealing the American young people's inner world of loneliness and helplessness. The novel follows Holden’s experiences in New York City in the days after his expulsion from Pencey. In this novel, Great changes have taken place to Holden’s mental activity and his personality also changes gradually. 

The Catcher in the Rye leads the new trend of contemporary American literature. It has acquired the great reputation of Salinger Industry because of the number of essays and monographs published. From then on, people have done some kinds of researches on the protagonist and on the intrinsic meaning and so on. Nevertheless, when resolving this novel from the angle of marginal characteristics, most reviewers focus on the way of rebellion of the protagonist. This paper will analyse the novel from the angle of marginal characteristics and make a thorough inquiry of its reasons after reading it carefully. On the basis of previous researches, I will try to explain the marginal characteristics of Holden according to three aspects: cowardliness and passiveness, isolation from society and language characteristics. There are few related researches about the last point when referring to Holden's marginality both at home and abroad, so I will give emphasis on the argument. Through the research, it helps readers better understand the protagonist's image, especially the inner world. Besides, it can make the readers know the teenagers' mental state in the 1950s as well as the author's intention of creating the image of Holden.

Key words: Jerome David Salinger; Holden; marginal characteristics; Second World War

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background and Objectives 1

1.2 Significance of the Study 2

2. Literature Review and Theoretic Framework 2

2.1 Marginal Characteristics 2

2.2 Research Situation 2

3. Cowardliness and Passiveness 3

3.1 A Yellow and Impatient Guy 3

3.2 Anxiety Disorder and Dissatisfaction 3

4. Isolation From Society 4

4.1 Loneliness 4

4.2 Escaping From the Reality 5

5. Language Characteristics 6

6. Conclusion 7

References 9