中美国家安全战略对比分析-以伊朗核问题为例_英语论文

A Comparative Analysis of National Security Strategies between China and America－ The Iranian Nuclear Issue as Example

摘要

近些年来，国际核安全现在依然很复杂。首先国际核材料走私的现象十分猖獗。其次，国际恐怖势力比如恐怖组织依然试图获取核技术和核材料。很多恐怖组织试图获得高杀伤性的核武器。第三，放射性能源有很严重的风险隐患。他们可能成为制造脏弹的材料来源。加强核安全是国家责任，国际合作和全球治理是不可或缺的。今天，随着全球化的深入发展，无论是因为自然灾害还是由于人为灾害而与核相关的事故，影响力将超越一个国家或超越一个地区，甚至具有全球政治和经济影响。未来，如果恐怖分子袭击核电厂，其影响不能局限于一个国家。 如果恐怖分子成功窃取核材料，制造粗糙的核装置或辐射分散装置，引爆这些装置，其经济和政治影响必然影响到国际贸易和国家之间频繁的接触。如果恐怖分子试图在边界发生核恐怖活动，就必须使用那些港口管理相对薄弱的国家或地区。 如果国家间没有有效的出口管制合作，情报共享和侦察协调，核安全就难以维持。各国需要有相应的安全战略来对付核问题。鉴于迫切需要研究这个话题，本作者以言论视角，探讨了中美两国政府媒体对伊朗核危机的问题和做法进行描述，解释，解读和评估的方式。通过比较分析，发现他们各自的冥想，修辞和语言表达中存在一些差异。 论文总结了对这些话语策略的一系列可能的解释。

关键词：国家安全战略；核安全；伊朗核问题; 批评语篇分析

Abstract 

Nowadays the international nuclear security situation is more complicated than ever before. First, the international nuclear smuggling is rampant. Second, international terrorist forces such as terrorist organizations are trying hard to obtain nuclear materials and technology. Third, the radioactive sources have very serious potential security risks. They may become the materials for building nuclear bombs. While strengthening nuclear security is a national responsibility, international cooperation and global governance are indispensable as well. Today, with the deepening of globalization, the influence of accidents related to nuclear facilities, whether because of natural disasters or because of man-made mistakes，will go beyond a country or beyond a region. If terrorists succeed in stealing nuclear material, create raw nuclear devices or radiation dispersing devices, and detonate these devices，its economic and political impact must affect international trade and frequent contacts between countries. If terrorists attempt to create nuclear terror across the border, they must use those countries or regions where import management is relatively weak. If there is no effective export control between countries, intelligence sharing and detection coordination, nuclear security will be difficult to maintain. Countries need to have a corresponding security strategy to deal with the nuclear issue. Given the urgent need to study this topic, the present author takes a discursive perspective and examines the ways that the media of both the Chinese and US governments describe, explain, interpret and evaluate the issues and practices surrounding the Iranian nuclear crisis. Through comparative analysis, a number of differences are found in their respective meditational, rhetorical and linguistic expressions. The thesis concludes with a set of possible interpretations of those discursive strategies.

Keywords: national security strategy; nuclear security; Iranian nuclear issues; critical discourse analysis

Contents

A Comparative Analysis of National Security Strategies between China and America— The Iranian Nuclear Issue as Example 1

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background Information 1

1.2 Security and National Security 2

1.2.1 Security 2

1.2.2 National Security 2

1.2.3 National Security Strategy 2

2. The Historical Evolution of China’s National Security Strategy 2

2.1 A National Security Strategy That Focuses on Consolidating The Regime 3

2.2. A National Security Strategy of Consolidating the Good Results of Reform and Opening Up 3

2.3 A National Security Strategy That Focuses on the Stable Development of Society 3

3. A Comparative Analysis of National Security Strategy between China and America in Nuclear Security 4

3.1 Nuclear security 4

3.2 Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Weapons－Take the Iranian Nuclear Issue as An Example 6

3.3 The Strategic Considerations of China and the United States for the Iranian Nuclear Issue 7

3.3.1 The Considerations of the Interests in Iran of China and the United States 7

3.3.2 The Position of China and the United States 9

  3.4  An Analysis of the Differences between Chinese and American Media Ideas from the   Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis 11

  3.4.1 What Do They Emphasize 11

  3.4.2 The Sayers 12

4. Conclusion 13

References 14