《瓦尔登湖》中的隐士情怀_英语论文

The Hermit Thoughts in Walden

摘要

瓦尔登湖一书是梭罗在隐居瓦尔登湖畔时所写。书中，梭罗向我们展示了瓦尔登湖畔美不胜收的风景，同时也记录了他在隐居时生活的点滴。包括他隐居期间思想态度的各种转变，以及他对自然、对人类、对社会的深刻思考。当该书进入许多中国学者的视线时，人们惊讶地发现，其中蕴含的思想竟与中国道家哲学有着千丝万缕的联系。我们可以毫不费力地发现梭罗隐居时所带着的中国古代的“隐士气”。这也引起了国内外众多学者的好奇和研究。本文将结合中西方众多相关文献，对二者进行比较，从而发现《瓦尔登湖》与中国古代道家隐士思想的共通性，尤其是二者在隐居，以及对人生及世界的看法上的共性。更重要的是，尝试发现梭罗对隐士思想做出的进一步提升来指导人们如何更好地去生活。

关键词：梭罗； 瓦尔登湖； 道家； 隐士； 生活； 自然

Abstract 

Walden is a book written by Thoreau during his resignation near the Walden Pond. In this book, he shows us the splendid scenery of the nature and records his life, the changes of his mind, his thoughts about nature, human beings and society. Since it is read by many Chinese, and connected with Chinese traditional philosophy Taoism, we can find the similarities and differences between Thoreau’s life near Walden Pond and Chinese hermits’ life. That really attracts many people to study. This paper will find the evidence from eastern and western literature to make a comparison between them, and find the general characters between two of them, especially in the aspects of their seclusion, attitude towards life and the whole world. More important, also try to find the development of Thoreau’s thoughts towards life in order to help people lead a better life.  

Keywords：Thoreau;   Walden;  Taoism;   hermits;  life;  nature

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Research Situation 2

2. Transcendentalism and Taoism 6

2.1 Thoreau and Walden Lake 6

2.2 Transcendentalism 6

    2.3 Taoism and Hermit.7

        2.3.1 The Definition and Relationship of Taoism and Hermit.7

        2.3.2 The Development of Taoism and Hermit7

    2.4 Thoreau and Chinese Culture.8

3. Being a Hermit in Walden.10

3.1 A Brief Introduction of Thoreau’s Seclusion Life.10

3.2 The Similarities Between Thoreau and Chinese Hermits10

    3.3 The Development of "Hermit" Thought in Walden.15

    3.4 The Enlightenment to Our Life17

        3.4.1 Finding the True Meaning of Life.17

        3.4.2 Thoreau’s Thoughts in Walden Can Lead a Better Life.17

4. Conclusion.18

References19