透过意象看《德伯家的苔丝》中的生态女性主义_英语论文

An Analysis of Ecofeminism in Tess of the D’Urbervilles through Images

摘要

托马斯·哈代是英国杰出的作家，其著作《德伯家的苔丝:一个纯洁的女人》,描绘了一位农村姑娘的悲剧性毁灭，折射出当时英国农村下层妇女的命运,公开地挑战了维多利亚时代虚伪的社会道德。

哈代非常擅长环境描写，以此来感染读者，他的小说经常被说成是“一片风景加上一个人的灵魂”,即环境与人物融为一个整体。本篇论文主要想透过《德伯家的苔丝》中意象的运用来解读小说中的生态女性主义思想,从自然景物、场景及动物等意象出发，探究这部小说中女性与自然之间的渊源关系，从而突出哈代对女性和自然的观点。

关键词：托马斯·哈代；《德伯家的苔丝》；生态女性主义；意象

Abstract 

Thomas Hardy is an outstanding English writer who possesses a very important position in the history of English literature. Tess of the D’Urbervilles, as one of his most famous works, subtitled “a pure woman”, portrays a tragic figure--Tess, whose destiny represents those of numerous English living in the lower society at that time, challenging the hypocritical social morality in the Victorian era.

Hardy is good at using the description of environment to affect readers, whose novels are “A scenery adds a people’s soul” that blend the setting and the feeling of characters very well. This thesis aims to illustrate the ecofeminism shown in Tess of the D’Urbervilles through analyzing representative images in the novel, such as images of nature, images of animals and images of scenes. From the aspect of the original relationship between woman and nature, Ecofeminists criticize the value of hierarchy and system of patriarchal control, hoping to appeal people to create a harmonious society with the nature. From the perspective of the ecofeminism, this thesis tries to reveal the close relationship between women and nature through images in this novel, thus to highlight the author’s views on women and nature.

Key words: Thomas Hardy; Tess of the D’Urbervilles; ecofeminism; images

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1. Brief Introduction of Tess of the D’Urbervilles 1

1.2. Reviewing the Researches both at Home and Abroad 2

1.3. Introduction to Ecofeminism 3

2. Tess, the Daughter of Nature 5

2.1. Tess’s Suffering Reflected through Fog 5

2.2. Tess’s Hope Reflected through Stars and Sun 5

2.3. Tess’s Beauty Reflected through Flowers 7

3. Tess’s Variable Fate Reflected through Natural Scenery 8

3.1. Living Environment 8

3.2. Transition of Seasons 9

4. Tess, Victim of Patriarchal Society 10

4.1. Birds, Symbol of Hope and Freedom 10

4.2. Tess, Similar to Rabbits, Having no Resistance 11

4.3. Cows and Cocks, Symbols of Tess’s Tragic Fate 11

5. Conclusion 13

6. References 14