论艾丽丝·默多克《大海，大海》中的叙事策略研究_英语论文

On The Narrative Strategy In Iris Murdoch’S The Sea, The Sea

摘要

艾丽丝·默多克(1919—1999)是20世纪英国杰出的女哲学家和富有才华的作家。《大海，大海》创作于1978年，曾获英国文学最高奖——布克奖。小说以第一人称为视角，将查尔斯一生情感心理的曾经、现在、未来的变化交织于史前、历史和后记的划分中，叙述了功成名就的戏剧界大导演查尔斯·阿罗比，隐居大海边寻找情感寄托的经历，展现了查尔斯与他人的的感情纠葛，探讨了作者默多克对于“自我”与“他者”的关系和善的意义的深刻思考。

本论文共包含五大部分。前言部分主要介绍作家艾丽丝·默多克以及《大海，大海》的研究文献回顾，强调本文采用的叙事策略的概念的研究角度以及研究意义。

正文部分包含三个章节，根据文章情节脉络划分，分别为过去的虚构性，当下的多样性和未来的不可预料性。第一章通过剖析主人公查尔斯的心理描写和叙事描写展现其对自身/他人和外部世界的错误认知，表现其个人的矛盾和逃避的特点。第二章通过展现自我（查尔斯）和他者（其他角色）的书信及言语对话来展现过去与现实的冲突、真实自我（查尔斯）和被书写的自我的矛盾，着重于利用他者的介入来引向主角关注他者的道路。第三章强调未来自我（查尔斯）和他者的开放性结局，尝试分析在通往自我和他者和谐关系的旅程中，善所发挥的巨大作用。

最后一部分展示论文前文中提及的研究目的、研究方法以及结论，总结《大海，大海》中所运用的叙事策略。

关键词：艾丽丝·默多克； 《大海，大海》 ；叙事策略

Abstract

Iris Murdoch(1919-1999) was an outstanding writer and famous philosopher in the 20th century. Her work The Sea, The Sea published in 1978 and won the highest award in the field of English literature, the Booker Prize. It is composed of three parts— “PREHISTORY”, “HISTORY”, and “POSTSCRIPT: Life Goes On” which show a stream of his psychological changes from the past to the present from the first-person perspective. The novel centers around the protagonist Charles Arrowby who is a retired theatre director and his spiritual journey of finding his emotional sustenance when he lived in seclusion nearby the sea. It tells the story of Charles’s complicated emotional entanglements and interpersonal relationships with others and thereby shows Murdoch’s profound thinking on her notions on the relationship between “the self and the other” and the “goodness”.

This paper contains five parts. The preface mainly introduces the author Iris Murdoch and the literature review of The Sea, The Sea, emphasizing the research angle of the narrative strategy adopted in the novel. 

The body contains three chapters—“Fictionality of the Past”, “Diversity of the Reality” and “Unpredictability of the Future” which are divided according to the context of the novel. The chapter one reveals Charles’s erroneous cognition of “the self and the other” and the outside world by analyzing Charles’s psychological description and narrative description of Charles’s life, in order to show his contradictoriness and tendency to take evasive action. The chapter two shows the conflict between the past and the reality, the true “self” and the written “self” by presenting the correspondence and dialogues between “the self” and “the other”. The chapter three emphasizes the open-story ending of “the self” and “the other” and analyzes the significant role that goodness plays in the journey to the harmonious relationship between “the self” and “the other”. 

Key Words: Iris Murdoch; The Sea, The Sea; Narrative strategy

Contents

Acknowledgments I

摘要 II

Abstract III

Table of Contents V

Introduction 1

Chapter One  Prehistory—Fictionality of the Past 3

1.1 Charles’s Fictional Image in his Inner World 3

1.2 Charles’s Fictional View about Other People and the Outside World 4

Chapter Two  History—Diversity of the Reality 7

2.1 The Dialogic Nature of Utterance between “the self” and ”the other” 7

2.2 The Contradiction between the Written Self and the Real Self 12

Chapter Three  Postscript—Unpredictability of the Future 15

3.1 Open-story Ending of “the self” and ”the other” 15

3.2 The Value of Goodness 16

Conclusion 18

Bibliography 19