异化归化理论下《蛙》中的译者主体性体现_英语论文

Manifestation of Translator`s Subjectivity in Frog under the Theory of Alienation and Domestication

摘要

本文以莫言小说《蛙》的英译本为研究对象，采用文本对比的方法比较和分析原文和译文，旨在探究归化和异化理论中译者主体性的体现。二十世纪七十年代以来，随着翻译研究的文化转向，译者在翻译研究中的地位被重新认识。学者们发现翻译过程不仅是从原语到译入语的简单转换，而是充满创造的过程，从而译者的主体地位得到了应有的重视。参考有关译者主体性之相关书籍，期刊和网站，了解到译者主动性和受动性是译者主体性辩证统一的两个方面。归化和异化这对翻译术语是由美国著名翻译理论学家劳伦斯韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti）于1995年在《译者的隐身》中提出来的。归化是要把源语本土化，以目标语或译文读者为归宿，采取目标语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。异化在翻译上就是迁就外来文化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源语表达方式，来传达原文的内容，即以目的语文化为归宿。归化和异化翻译策略的选择体现了译者主体性的发挥。

2012年10月11日，中国作家莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖，成为首位获得该奖项中国籍作家。迄今为止，莫言作品的所有英译本都出自著名汉学家葛浩文之手。出版于2009年，《蛙》是莫言的一部重要作品，《蛙》以新中国近60年波澜起伏的农村生育史为背景，讲述了从事妇产科工作50多年的乡村女医生姑姑的人生经历，也反映出中国计划生育的艰难历程。经过深入的对比分析，本文认为葛浩文在翻译《蛙》时，在归化与异化理论下译者主动性主要体现在三个方面，即习语，文化词及文本形式；而译者受动性主要体现在译者对禁忌语的处理。从而本文发现葛浩文在翻译《蛙》的过程中的确发挥了很强的主体性，这些改动和主体性的发挥，使得《蛙》的英译本更容易被英语读者接受。同时为复译提供了支持，由于译者主体性的存在，不同的译者可以产生不同的版本，因此可以通过复译尽力产生更好的版本。

关键词：译者主体性；异化与归化；《蛙》；

Abstract

This paper focuses on the English version of Frog, comparing and analyzing the Chinese and English versions at the same time in a bit to spot the manifestation of translator`s subjectivity under the theory of alienation and domestication. Since 1970s when Cultural Turn took place, the notion of the role a translator plays is refreshed. Scholars found that the translation process is more than a simple switch from one language to another but a creative course of much exploration value. The role the translator plays, thus, was attached to deserved significance. With reference to relevant books, journeys and contents of some websites, it is well known that initiative and passivity are the critically integrated two factors of translator`s subjectivity. The terms of domestication and alienation are coined in the context of The Translator's Invisibility A History of Translation by Lawrence Venuti in 1995. Domestication lies in the localization of source language, with efforts to express in readers-familiar way. Alienation, however, keeps the colors of source language, with the author-accustomed way to express. The selection of these two methods illustrates the translator`s subjectivity.

    In October 11th ,2012, Chinese writer MoYan was awarded the Noble Prize and he was the first Chinese to be entitled with this honor. To date, the English versions of all Mo` works are completed by Howard Goldblatt. Frog, one of the representative works of Mo, published in 2009, describes the life experiences of GUGU, a village midwife with work experience of 50 years. With 60 years history of humanity proliferation in modern China as the background, the story displays the implementation of Family Planning policy in China of the same time. After comparison and analysis of the Chinese and English versions, results show that translator`s subjectivity plays a big part and it is due to this part the English version is much more easier for the western readers to accept and appreciate. Besides, repeated translation is available as a way to produce better translation as a result of translator`s subjectivity that different people deliver different edition.

Key words: translator`s subjectivity; alienation and domestication; Frog;

Contents

Acknowledgment.Ⅰ

摘要.Ⅱ 

AbstractⅢ

ContentsⅤ

Chapter 1 Introduction1

1.1 Background of the Research.1

1.2 Organization of This Paper.1

Chapter 2 Literature Review.3

    2.1 Researches on Translator`s Subjectivity at Home and Abroad.3

    2.2 Previous Study on English Version of Frog4

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework of This Paper5

3.1 The Definition of Alienation and Domestication5

    3.2 The Usage of Alienation and Domestication5

Chapter 4 The Manifestation of Translator`s Subjectivity in Frog6

    4.1 The Initiative of Translator`s Subjectivity in Frog6

       4.1.1 Manifestation in Idiom.6

       4.1.2 Manifestation in Culture-loaded words7

       4.1.3 Manifestation in Text Type.9

    4.2 The Passivity of Translator`s Subjectivity in Frog10

Chapter 5 Conclusion13

5.1 Conclusion of This Paper.13

    5.2 Shortcomings of This Paper.13

References.14