他者的反叛-对《水浒传》中的女性角色的存在主义女性主义分析_英语论文

Revolting as the Other: Analyzing Females in Water Margin from the Perspective of Existential Feminism

摘要

《水浒传》是中国四大名著之一, 对中国以及东亚的叙事文学产生了很大的影响。小说描写了以宋江为首的一百零八位好汉，高举替天行道的大旗在梁山聚义的故事，从好汉的个体觉醒到走上一定规模的联合反抗，到发展为盛大的起义军，从起义的发生、发展直至最终失败的全过程。本篇小说在塑造众多英雄好汉的同时，也站在了男性的视角着重描写了诸如阎婆惜、潘金莲、潘巧云等等众多女性人物角色，客观上也展现了元末明初时期的女性人物风貌。本篇论文将采用西蒙·波伏娃的存在主义女性主义理论，重新审视小说中那个时代的部分女性人物角色。运用理论中的“他者”，“内在性”和“超越性”三个观点，采用文本分析以及对比研究，重点研究女性作为“他者”以及“反抗者”，深入分析水浒传中部分女性角色的经济地位，社会地位等因素，揭示水浒女性人物在小说里的男女两性关系中所受到的各种各样的压迫，以及部分女性在封建父权制中所展现出的超越性思想，即反抗意识和女性意识。

关键词：水浒女性；女性主义；他者；内在性；超越性；反抗意识

Abstract

Water Margin, being one of the four most famous Chinese novels and the earliest novel written in the vernacular Chinese, has made great impact on China and East Asia. The novel mainly depicts the uprising, the development and the final failure story of the one hundred and eight heroes whom led by Song Jiang in Liangshan. It is a story represents full of masculinists, for the old Chinese society is a male-centered world, many female figures are often eclipsed when compared with chivalrous males， however, at the same time, it also portrays a certain number of female images, focusing on the depiction of the females such as Yan Poxi, Pan Jinlian and Pan Qiaoyun, etc. This paper will adopt the existential feminism to analyze those females, taking as Yan Poxi, Pan Jinlian and Hu Sanniang as example, at that period, to be concrete, theories includes “the other, immanence and transcendence”, all of these will be used to analyze their economic and social status in the relation between male and female in the novel, and try to dig out the awakening of female consciousness and sense of revolting with these analytical theories. 

Key words: females, female consciousness, revolting, existential feminism

Contents

摘要 I

Abstract II

Acknowledgments III

Chapter One   Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Objectives of the study 2

1.3 Mothed of the study 3

1.4 Significance of the study 4

1.5 Organization of the study 4

Chapter Two   Literature Review 5

2.1 Former researches on females in Water Margin 5

2.2 Formal researches on existential feminism 7

2.2.1 Rise of existential feminism 7

2.2.2 Ideas in existential feminism 7

Chapter Three   Women as the Other in Water Margin 11

3.1 Hu Sanniang’ identity of being otherness 11

3.2 Pan Jinlian’ identity of being otherness 12

3.2.1 Pan’s transcendence 13

3.3 Yan Poxi’ identity of being otherness 15

3.3.1 Yan’s transcendence 16

Chapter Four   Women as the Revolters in Water Margin 19

4.1 Background of revolters 19

4.2 Similarities 20

4.3 Differences 21

4.3.1 Sense of revolting between Hu and Pan 21

4.3.2 Sense of revolting between Pan and Yan 21

Chapter Five   Conclusions 22

5.1 Major findings 22

5.2 Innovations 22

5.3 Limitations 23

References 24