摘要

赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的《白鲸》和杰克·伦敦的《海狼》是享誉全球的两部海洋小说。两位杰出的作者在讲述惊心动魄的航海故事时，塑造了众多个性鲜明的人物。其中，亚哈船长和“海狼”拉森都是富有经验的船长，从他们独特的性格特点中可以发掘出众多相似性，给人留下了深刻的印象。

两位船长都是海洋上的强者，身上都表现出尼采哲学里“超人”的特质。“海狼”拉森是超人的典型代表，超人哲学是杰克伦敦的直接创作依据。然而，对亚哈船长的解读却鲜少联系超人形象。本文以超人哲学为切入点，通过解读两位船长身上的超人形象，对两位船长进行比较分析，比较其形象的异同。本文共有四个章节，第一章简要介绍《白鲸》和《海狼》两部文学作品，包括作者和主要内容，以此奠定本文的文学背景；第二章介绍超人哲学，这是本文的理论基础。尼采受叔本华的影响建立了超人哲学，认为超人具有与众不同的特质，因此具有超越性。第三章是本文的重点章节，依据超人哲学和小说文本，从人与自然、人与他人和人与自身的角度分析了两位船长的形象。与外界的关系实际折射出的是人与自身的关系，尽管两位船长都具备超人的特质，他们的具体行为模式依然有差别。第四章在第三章的研究基础上，通过比较分析，进一步总结了两位船长的异同。

本文旨在通过分析两个船长超人的特点来解读他们的形象。由于二者的行为在很大程度上符合超人哲学，因此在本文的研究中无疑具有许多相似之处。同时，他们对超人形象的反映存在程度和方式的差异，体现在他们不同的行为模式之中。

关键词：《白鲸》；《海狼》；超人哲学；人物形象；比较分析

Table of Contents

Abstract i

摘  要 ii

Introduction 1

1. Background Information 2

1.1Brief Introduction to The Sea-Wolf 2

1.1.1 An Introduction of The Sea-Wolf 2

1.1.2 An Introduction of Jack London 3

1.2 Brief Introduction to Moby Dick 4

1.2.1 An Introduction of Moby Dick 4

1.2.2 An Introduction of Melville 4

2. Brief Introduction to Overman Philosophy 5

2.1 An Introduction of Nietzsche 5

2.1.1 An Introduction of Nietzsche’s Lifetime 5

2.1.2 An Introduction of Nietzsche’s Achievements 6

2.2 An Introduction of Overman Philosophy 7

2.2.1 Generation of Overman Philosophy 7

2.2.2 Definition of Overman 8

2.2.3 Characteristics of Overman 8

2.3 Influence of Overman Philosophy 10

2.3.1 Positive Influence of Overman Philosophy 10

2.3.2 Negative Influence of Overman Philosophy 10

3. Comparative Analyses of two Captain Images—‘Wolf’ Larsen and Captain Ahab 11

3.1 The Relationship Between Man and Nature 11

3.1.1 The Relationship Between Captain Wolf Larsen and Nature 11

3.1.2 The Relationship Between Captain Ahab and Nature 14

3.2 The Relationship Between Man and Others 16

3.2.1 The Relationship Between Captain Wolf Larsen and Others 16

3.2.2 The Relationship Between Captain Ahab and Others 20

3.3 The Relationship Between Man and Himself 23

3.3.1 The Relationship Between Captain Wolf Larsen and Himself 23

3.3.2 The Relationship Between Captain Ahab and Himself 25

4. Similarities and Differences Between Two Captain Images 28

4.1 Similarities and Differences of the Relationship with Nature 29

4.1.1 Passion on Nature 29

4.1.2 Struggle with Nature 30

4.2 Similarities and Differences of the Relationship with Others 31

4.3 Similarities and Differences of the Relationship with Himself 33

4.3.1 Self-Transcendence of Two Captains 33

4.3.2 Self-Destruction of Two Captains 33

Conclusion 34

Acknowledgements 35

Works Cited 37