从神话故事分析中希文化对英雄主义的差异观_英语论文

An Analysis of Different Views on Heroism between Chinese and Greek Cultures Through Mythologies

摘要

‘英雄’自古以来就是永恒的话题。作为民族文化不可缺少的一部分，英雄主义文化不仅是人类文化中最珍贵的文物，而且在一定程度上对人类社会生活有着不小的影响。

神话作为文化形态的重要组成部分，反映了人类从古至今的世界观，人生观和价值观。本文以中希英雄主义为对象，以英雄主义神话为主要材料，从行为动机，行为方式以及行为结果这三个方面来分析中希神话英雄主义的不同之处，并分析形成中希英雄主义差异的原因，从而中希文化之间存在的一些差异，以便于在日后的中希文化交流中避免或减少误解，促进中希文化交流。

本文包括六大部分。第一部分介绍选题意义；第二部分介绍中希神话中的英雄以及神话构成体系；第三部分从概念和表现形式两方面来介绍中希的英雄主义;第四部分对比中希神话故事中英雄主义不同之处；第五部分探究造成这些差异的原因；最后一部分是结论。

关键词：神话；英雄主义；对比研究

Abstract

The hero has been an eternal topic since ancient times. As an indispensable part of national culture, heroism culture is not only the most precious cultural relics in human culture, but also has a great influence on human social life to a certain extent. As an important part of the cultural form, myths reflect the world outlook, outlook on life and values. By employing Chinese and Greek heroism as the object and mythologies as the main material, the paper aims to study the differences of heroism between China and Greek from the perspective of behavioral motives, behavioral patterns and behavioral outcomes, and then the paper will analyze the reasons of these differences. The analysis of the differences will help the readers know more about the differences between the Chinese and Greek cultures.This paper also attempts to help reduce and even avoid misunderstanding different cultures during the exchange of the Chinese and Greek cultures, which will consequently further promote the communication between Chinese and Greek cultures.

This paper is totally divided into six parts. The first part is an introduction; the second part mainly deals with the introduction of the heroes in Chinese and Greek mythologies; the third part discusses the Chinese and Greek heroism from concepts and forms; the fourth part summarizes the differences of heroism between Chinese and Greek mythologies; the fifth part analyzes several reasons for them; and the final part is the conclusion.

Key words: mythologies; heroism; comparative study 

Contents

I. Introduction 1

II. Mythologies.3

  2.1Chinese mythologies3

 2.1.1 The great God of ancient China and its characteristics.3

 2.1.2 The origin of Yellow Emperor and the system of ancient Chinese myth3

 2.2Greek mythologies4

    2.2.1 Greek mythologies5

    2.2.2 Greek Mythology System Based on Zeus.5

Ⅲ.Hero and Heroism .7

  3.1The definition of hero and heroism.7

   3.1.1 Hero.7

   3.1.2 Heroism.7   

 3.2The Chinese and Greek heroism.8                    

   3.2.1The collectivism of Chinese heroism8

   3.2.2 The individualism of Greek heroism8

IV. Different views on heroism between Chinese and Greek mythologies10

  4.1 Different behavioral motives .10

  4.2 Different behavioral patterns11

  4.3 Different behavioral outcomes.12

V. The reasons for the different views on heroism between Chinese and Greek Mythologies.14

  5.1 Different geographical origins14

  5.2 Different values.15

  5.3 Different aesthetic consciousness.16

VI. Conclusion.18

Bibliography19