帕克边际人理论对解决边缘群体行为失范的启发_英语论文        

The Implication of Park’s Marginal Man Theory in Modification of Marginal Groups’ Inappropriate Behaviors

摘要

随着社会转型及城市化进程的加快，越来越多的人打破了原有生活区域的限制和传统生活模式的约束而生存在多元文化背景下。这一群体经济社会地位相对低下，他们难以融入主流社会，因而成为一种文化边缘群体或边际人。边缘群体易产生行为失范，具体表现为不文明行为、扰乱社会治安行为、违法犯罪行为等，社会各界正积极谋求解决边缘群体行为失范的合理措施。国外学者对边缘群体的研究起步较早，其中，以芝加哥学派领军人物之一的罗伯特·帕克为代表，他提出的“边际人”理论为后继者的学术研究奠定了基础。

中国作为一个人口基数庞大的发展中国家，边缘群体同样不可忽略，以城市农民工为典型代表，其行为失范的相关报道已逐渐引起重视。本课题以帕克的“边际人”理论为依据，以边缘群体的行为失范现象为研究对象，结合相关案例，深入探究解决方案，以促进社会良性发展。

关键词：边缘群体；“边际人”理论；罗伯特·帕克；行为失范

Abstract

With the rapid development of society, the process of urbanization has been accelerated, which causes more and more people break though their original living regions as well as their traditional lifestyles to live in the context of multicultural communication. However, owing to their low social and economic status, they find themselves difficult to be integrated into the mainstream groups. Therefore, they become cultural marginal groups or marginal men. Marginal groups often breed inappropriate behaviors, such as the uncivilized behaviors, disruption of social security and criminality, etc. All walks of life are positively trying to figure out effective ways to deal with this issue. Foreign scholars started an earlier research in this field, especially Robert E. Park, one of the leaders of Chicago School, put forward the “Marginal Man” Theory, which laid a foundation for the future studies in this aspect.

China, as the world’s most populous developing country, has numerous marginal men that cannot be ignored. Take migrant workers as a typical example, the coverage of marginal groups’ inappropriate behaviors have aroused more and more attention from the whole society. This thesis is based on the Marginal Man Theory by Park, focuses on the inappropriate behaviors of marginal groups, combines relative case analysis and hopes to accomplish a good solution so as to promote harmonious development of society.

Key words: marginal groups; Marginal Man Theory; Robert E. Park; inappropriate behaviors

Contents

Abstract i

摘 要 ii

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the Thesis 1

1.2 Purpose of the Thesis 2

1.3 Structure of the Thesis 2

2. Marginal Groups and Park’s Marginal Man Theory 3

2.1 Category of Marginal Groups 3

2.2 Difficulties that Marginal Groups Face 4

2.3 Origin and Development of Marginal Man Theory 5

2.3.1 Stranger Theory by Simmel 5

2.3.2 Marginal Man Theory by Park 6

3. Inappropriate Behaviors of Marginal Groups 7

3.1 Manifestations of Inappropriate Behaviors 7

3.2 Causes of Inappropriate Behaviors 7

3.2.1 External Causes 8

3.2.2 Internal Causes 9

3.3 Necessity of Solving Inappropriate Behaviors 10

4. The Implication of Park’s Marginal Man Theory in Modification of Marginal Groups’ Inappropriate Behaviors 11

4.1 The Analysis and Implication of Park’s Marginal Man Theory 11

4.1.1 Problems of Marginal Groups Observed by Park 11

4.1.2 Park’s Measures to Solve Those Problems 12

4.2 The Core of Park’s Marginal Man Theory 13

4.3 Modification of Marginal Groups’ Inappropriate Behaviors by the Theory 14

4.3.1 Promote Intercultural Communication 14

4.3.2 Improve Living Standard 15

4.3.3 Enhance Marginal Groups’ Human Capital 16

4.3.4 Strengthen Legal System 17

5. Practical Use of Marginal Man Theory in China 18

5.1 Typical Marginal Groups in China 18

5.2 Media Image of Marginal Groups in China 19

5.3 The Application of Marginal Man Theory in China 20

6. Conclusion 22

6.1 Significance of the Theory 22

6.2 Limitation of the Theory 23

6.3 Suggestions for Future Study 23

Bibliography 25

Acknowledgements 27