摘要

威廉·福克纳是美国意识流文学领域的代表人物，也是最有影响力的作家之一。他最具有代表性的作品《喧哗与骚动》创造性地运用了多视角叙述方法和意识流手法，是意识流小说甚至是现代主义小说的经典著作。《喧哗与骚动》通过三兄弟的主体视角和黑人女佣迪尔西的客体视角，讲述了康普逊家族衰败的故事。昆汀作为其中的讲述者之一，面对工业文明带来的冲击，试图通过自身的反抗守住旧南方传统，但是他最终对现实绝望并选择死亡。而昆汀的悲剧只是当时南方社会的缩影。本文试图通过福柯的疯癫理论的视角，从社会的影响、人物的反抗和死亡的选择三方面对昆汀的形象进行分析。昆汀在新兴的工业社会中无法找到归属，迷失在自己的精神世界里。这反映个体当时社会运行机制的压迫下个体精神状态的异化。福克纳通过小说警醒读者正视文明所带来的冲突，以正确的方法应对社会中的压力，从而避免精神健康问题的出现。

关键词：喧哗与骚动  旧南方传统  昆汀  疯癫

Contents

Abstract i

摘  要 ii

Chapter One  Introduction 1

1.1  A Brief Introduction to William Faulkner 1

1.2  A Brief Introduction to The Sound and the Fury 1

1.3  Purpose of the Thesis 2

1.4  Structure of the Thesis 3

Chapter Two  Literature Review 4

2.1  Previous Studies on The Sound and the Fury Abroad 4

2.2  Previous Studies on The Sound and the Fury at Home 5

Chapter Three  Theoretical Framework 8

3.1  The Changing Definitions of the Madness 8

3.2  Madness and Civilization 9

3.2.1 Foucault's Definition of the Madness 9

3.2.2 The Relationship between the Power Operation Mechanism and the Subject in the Society 10

3.2.3 The Self- restraint of the Subject 11

3.2.4 The Attitude of a Lunatic towards Death 11

Chapter Four  The Analysis of Quentin based on the Foucault’s Madness Theory 13

4.1  Clash of Civilization 13

4.1.1 The Decline of the Civilization of Southern Plantation 13

4.1.2 The Decline of the Compson Family 15

4.2  Quentin’s Self-resistance 16

4.3  Quentin’s Self-restraint 18

4.4  Quentin’s Self-destruction 20

Chapter Five  Conclusion 22

5.1  Major Finding 22

5.2  Limitations and Suggestions for the Further Study 23

Bibliography 24

Acknowledgments 25