古汉语中恭维言语行为及其回应的研究-以《战国策》为例_英语论文

A Study on Compliments in Ancient Chinese：A Case Study of the Strategies of the Warring States

摘要

恭维言语行为在人际交往和沟通中占有重要地位。当前研究语料主要是英语，而汉语恭维语研究较少，对古汉语中恭维语的研究更是有限。同时，大部分研究集中于口语恭维语，几乎很少有书面语的研究。本文以《战国策》中的恭维语为语料，从句法和语义研究古汉语中的恭维语的规律和特点。研究结果显示: 战国时期的恭维语不管是在词汇层面还是在句式层面都具有模式化的特征，具有其特殊的句型模式和高频恭维词；话题方面，个人所有物和能力是战国策中的恭维行为的主要话题；回应方式方面主要表现为赞同和接受，战国策中很少使用拒绝的回应方式。

关键词: 恭维语 战国策 句型模式 话题 回应方式 

Abstract

Compliment is important in improving people’s communication and interpersonal relationships. Most current researches use English compliments as data. There is few researches of Chinese compliment, fewer on the ancient Chinese compliment. At the same time, majority of those researches focused on oral compliments, ignoring written materials. In this paper, Strategies of the Warring States are investigated as data both syntactically and semantically. Through the detailed analysis of the collected compliment corpus, this paper aims to figure out the laws and characteristics of compliments in ancient Chinese during the Warring States Period.

The results show that compliments in the Warring States period are formulaic in both vocabulary and syntax. It has its special sentence pattern and high-frequency words; in terms of topic distribution, possession and ability are the main topics; when it comes to responses, agreement and acceptance are the key topics. And rejection occupies a very small amount in compliment responses among ancient people in the warring states period.

Keywords: compliment；Strategies of the Warring States；pattern; topics; response strategies

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Significance of the Study 2

1.3 Structure of the Thesis 2

2 Literature Review 3

2.1 Speech Act Theory 3

2.2 Studies on the Compliments 4

2.2.1 Definition of Compliment 4

2.2.2 Compliment Pattern 4

2.2.3 Compliment Topic 4

2.3 Studies on the Compliments Responses 5

2.4 Studies on the Compliments in Ancient Chinese 6

2.5 Summary 7

3 Research Methodology 7

3.1 Research Questions 7

3.2 Data Collection 8

3.3 Data Analysis 8

4 Results and Discussion 9

4.1 Syntactic and Semantic Analysis of Compliments in Strategies of the Warring States 9

4.1.1 Syntactic Pattern of Compliments in Strategies of the Warring States 10

4.1.2 Semantic Pattern of Compliments in Strategies of the Warring States 11

4.2 Topic distributions of Compliments in Strategies of the Warring States 12

4.3 Responses Strategies of Compliments in Strategies of the Warring States 15

Conclusion 1

Acknowledgements 1

References 2