An Ecofeminist Reading of Alice Munro' s Boys and Girls_英语论文

摘要

艾丽丝·门罗是享誉盛名并且极其有影响力的作家，她擅长从平凡琐碎的生活来刻画女性的性格，通过生活的琐碎事情来反映女性内心的懦弱和坚强，并且伴随着大量对自然对生态的描绘。她的作品主要从女性角度看待人类社会文明,阐述了女性追求自由与平等的强烈愿望,批判传统的伦理道德思想,表达对自然对女性的关怀。1968年，门罗发表第一部短篇小说集《快乐影子舞》，并获得加拿大总督文学奖。《男孩和女孩》是《快乐影子舞》其中的一篇短篇小说，《男孩和女孩》这部作品中女性对自然的亲近和同情与男性对自然的压迫形成了鲜明的对比。本论文从生态女性主义的角度对该小说进行分析，有助于深刻的理解在男性社会中女性和自然处于劣势和被压迫的地位，从而对生态女性主义有进一步的了解。生态女性主义认为，女性和自然都处于被压迫被剥削的地位。在社会的高速发展下，自然生态遭受到了严重的破坏，人类高速发展的代价是对自然的破坏和掠夺。生态女性主义认为，女性等同于自然，女性和自然一直被支配的原因是社会根深蒂固的男权主义思想。生态女性主义的出现一方面是呼吁女性联合团结起来，反对支配女性和自然的男权主义思想，追求男女平等。另一方面，是为了保护自然和生态的可持续发展。本论文通过文本分析方法，从生态女性主义的角度，解读《男孩和女孩》中女性和自然被压迫，剥削的现实，女性和男性对待自然态度的不同，男性和女性地位的差别来论述小说中反映出的生态女性主义思想。

关键词： 生态女性主义  压迫  父系社会  女性  自然

Abstract

Alice Munro is a well-known and influential writer. She is adept at portraying characteristic of woman from normal and trivial life. She reflects the weakness and strength of women through the trivial things of life. Her masterpieces are always accompanied by a lot of depictions toward nature and ecology. Her composition mainly focus on human social civilization from a female perspective, expounding the strong desire of women to pursue freedom and equality.she criticizes traditional ethical and moral thoughts, and shows great concern for nature and woman. In 1968, Munro published the her first short story collection Dance of the Happy Shades and won the Canadian Governor's Literature Award. Boys and Girls is one of the short stories in Dance of the Happy Shades. In Boys and Girls, Munro makes a sharp comparison between woman' s closeness and sympathy for nature and man' s oppression to nature. This thesis mainly analyzes the novel from the perspective of ecofeminism, which helps to deeply understand that women and nature are in a disadvantaged and oppressed position in male society, and thus have a further understanding of ecofeminism. Ecofeminism believes that both woman and nature are in an oppressed and exploited position. Especially under the rapid development of society, the natural ecology has suffered severe damage. People develop at the price of plundering and destroying nature. And meanwhile women are becoming victims of social development. Ecofeminism believes that woman is equated with nature because woman and nature have always been dominated by socially ingrained patriarchal ideas. On the one hand, ecofeminism calls for women to unite and oppose patriarchal ideas that dominate woman and nature for a long time. It wants all females to pursue equality and ask for their own rights. On the other hand, the society is called for to protect the sustainable development of nature and ecology. This paper uses text analysis methods to interpret the reality that woman and nature have been oppressed and exploited in Boys and Girls from the perspective of ecofeminism. The differences attitudes toward nature between woman and man and the differences status in male and female are discussed in the novel. The thesis wants to find out what kinds of ecofeminist concepts existing in Boys and Girls.

Key words: ecofeminism  oppression  patriarchal society  woman  nature

Contents

Chapter One  Introduction 1

1.1  Background of Boys and Girls 1

1.2  Purpose of This Thesis 1

1.3  Significance of This Thesis 3

1.4  Structure of This Thesis 3

Chapter Two  Literature Review 5

2.1  Literature Review 5

2.2  Comment 7

Chapter Three  Theoretical Framework 8

3.1  The Origin and Representative of Ecofeminism 8

3.2  The Core Idea of Ecofeminism 9

3.3  Main Genres of Ecofeminism 10

Chapter Four  Ecofeminist Reading of Alice Munro' s Boys and Girls

4.1  Ecological Crisis in The Context of Patriarchal Society 13

4.2  Man’s Control and Oppression to Woman in Patriarchal Society 14

4.3  Female Image with Missing Identity 16

Chapter Five  Conclusion 17

Bibliography

Acknowledgements