摘要 

口译是一项很特殊的语言交际活动，具有很强的即时性。译员需要在听到源语言信息之后对其进行识别，记忆，再以口语的形式输出目标语。口译对短时记忆有较高的要求，为了信息的准确及完整，需要通过脑记及笔记对信息进行记忆和处理。笔记在口译(特别是交替传译)教学中一直占有重要地位。笔记能力作为译员必须具备的一项重要技能，成为必不可少的训练内容。甚至在口译技能评估中，笔记技巧的使用也是一个重要的评估点。

随着口译行业的不断发展，关于口译的研究理论也越来越多，其核心大部分都是围绕着“如何提高口译输出质量”这一命题，大部分学者将目标放在了记忆与笔记两个方面。本文主要以丹尼尔·吉尔的认知负荷模式为理论基础，参阅大量相关资料，尝试对同声传译和交替传译做一个较为详细的分析，论述在翻译过程中译员所需的能力，和记忆与笔记在口译实践中的重要，并对口译中记忆和笔记的技能化训练提出合理建议。

关键词：认知负荷模式；短时记忆；笔记；技能化训练

Contents

Acknowledgements  i

Abstract ii

摘要 iii

Chapter One Introduction 1

1.1 The Objective of the Study 1

1.2 The Significance of the Study 1

1.3 The Structure of the Study 1

Chapter Two Theoretical Basis 3

2.1 Effort Model 3

2.2 Energy Distribution Model 4

2.3 Effort Model in CI and Comprehension Equation 6

2.4 Summary 7

Chapter Three Literature Review 9

3.1 Overview of Research Abroad on Training of Memory and Note-taking Skills in Interpreting 9

3.1.1 Foreign Research Literature about Interpreting Memory 9

3.1.2 Foreign Research Literature about Interpreting Note-taking 11

3.2 Overview of Domestic Research on Skill Training of Memory and Note-taking in Interpretation 12

3.2.1 Domestic Research Literature about Interpreting Memory 12

3.2.2 Domestic research Literature about Interpreting Note-taking 14

3.3 Summary 15

Chapter Four Guidance to Skill Training of Memory and Note-taking 16

4.1 Guidance to Skill Training of Memory 16

4.1.1 Retelling Training 16

4.1.2 Information Visualization Training 17

4.1.3 Logic Training 17

4.1.4 Numbers Memory 17

4.1.5 Accumulation of Extra-linguistic Knowledge 17

4.1.6 Summary 18

4.2 Guidance to Skill Training of Memory 18

4.2.1 Take Notes in the Target Language 18

4.2.2 Take Note in Abbreviations 19

4.2.3 Take Note in Symbols 19

4.2.4 Take Note in Less Words and More Lines 19

4.2.5 Pay Attention to the Key Information 20

4.2.6 Keep Balance between Listening and Remembering 20

4.3 Summary 20

Chapter Five Conclusion 21

5.1 Major Findings 21

5.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Endeavor 22

5.2.1 Limitations 22

5.2.2 Suggestions for Future Endeavor 22

References 24