摘要 

本文重点围绕孤独的体现、产生孤独的原因和孤独的意义对《百年孤独》中的“孤独”主题进行了探究。《百年孤独》中“孤独”主要表现为个体的孤独、社会的孤独两个层面；造成孤独的原因是由于家庭关系不和睦、城市落后的现象和孤独本身的矛盾。理想与现实的巨大差距使个体看透理想的虚无本质回归无作为的孤独状态，道德和欲望的矛盾导致了家族的孤独甚至于毁灭。“孤独”不仅是拉美民族历史境遇的象征，也是现代精神意识的体现，而且孤独是人类生命的本能，其中的积极因素甚至能够成为拉美民族走向未来的崭新精神力量。

关键词：《百年孤独》；布恩迪亚家族；孤独

Contents

Abstract II

1. Introduction 1

1.1 The Background Information 1

1.2 The Introduction of Gabriel Garcia Marquez 1

1.3 The Introduction of One Hundred Years of Solitude 2

2. Literature Review 2

2.1 The Theme of Loneliness 2

2.2 Foreign Research 3

2.3 Domestic Research 3

3. The Embodiment of Loneliness 4

3.1 Social Solitude 4

3.2 Personal Solitude 5

3.2.1 Male Members 5

3.2.2 Female Members 6

3.2.3 Outsiders 7

4. The Causes of Loneliness 7

4.1 Family Relationship 7

4.2 Urban Closure 8

4.2.1 Backward Society 8

4.2.2The Choice of Birthplace 9

4.2.3 Image of “Pig Tail” 9

4.3 Contradiction of Loneliness 10

4.3.1 The Contradiction between Ideal and Reality 10

4.3.2 The Contradiction between Morality and Desire 11

5. The Significance of Loneliness 11

5.1 The Break of Loneliness 11

5.2 Exploration of the Way Out of Loneliness 12

5.2.1 Self-Love 12

5.2.2 Fraternity 13

6. Conclusion 13

Bibliography 15

Acknowledgements 17