摘要 

《红字》是美国著名作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的代表作。首先，国内外学者们对这本书中的象征主义和道德进行了大量的研究。后来，随着女性主义的兴起，对海丝特女性主义意识的分析越来越多，但大多数都是描写海丝特对女性主义的赞扬，而忽视了海斯特的女性主义意识中还包含着对清教社会中女性主义不彻底性的谴责与无奈。本文主张对海斯特的女性主义意识在《红字》中的体现进行详细的阐释，从海斯特对清教规则的斗争、对个人解放和热爱自由的追求、对生活的积极态度三个方面分析了霍桑对海丝特的积极描写，表达了海斯特对女性主义的赞扬和拥护，但也分析了海斯特在一定程度上对请教社会中女性主义的不彻底性的谴责。

关键词：霍桑，红字，海斯特，女性主义          

Contents        

1. Introduction of Nathaniel Hawthorne and The Scarlet Letter 1

1.1 Nathaniel Hawthorne 1

1.2 The Scarlet Letter 2

2. Introduction of Feminism 3

2.1 Definition of feminism 3

2.2 Development of feminism 3

3. The Formation Background of Hawthorne's Feminism Consciousness 4

3.1 The influence of his family tradition and members 4

3.2The influence of  Puritan society 5

4. The Embodiment of Hester’s Feminism Consciousness 6

4.1 The character of Hester 6

4.1.1 Hester is a beautiful and weak lady outside 6

4.1.2 Hester is a brave and resistant lady inside 6

4.2 Hester’s praise and support for feminism 7

4.2.1 Her struggle against Puritan rules 7

4.2.1.1 Her attitude towards the scarlet letter A 7

4.2.1.2 Her attitude towards her daughter Pearl 8

4.2.2 Her pursuit of individual emancipation and love for freedom 9

4.2.2.1 Her lover escapes the responsibilities and punishment 9

4.2.2.2 Hester takes all responsibilities and endures all punishment 9

4.2.3Her positive attitude towards life 10

4.2.3.1 Her solution to all difficulties 10

4.2.3.2 Her help to poor people 10

4.3 Hester's condemnation of feminism because of its incompleteness in Puritan society 11

4.3.1 The Puritan Society is Understood with Calvinist ideas of good and evil 11

4.3.2The fate of Hester is shaped as self-devoid and returning to society 11

5. Conclusion 12

References 14