《不自由，毋宁死》的及物性分析

The Analysis of Transitivity in Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death

摘要

政治演讲在人们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，它是人类社会中不可或缺的文化现象。帕特里克亨利的演讲名作Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death（《不自由，毋宁死》）表达了作者渴望民主、自由、平等的观点，宣扬了演讲者的政治态度，旨在鼓励人民丢掉幻想，准备战斗，极大地鼓舞了人们为争取独立而进行战斗的激情。本文以Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death为例，分析文中的及物性过程。研究发现，该文本中及物过程的选择和分布情况依次为物质过程（50.3%）、关系过程（21%）、心理过程（14%）、行为过程（7.7%）、存在过程（4.1%）、言语过程（2.9%）；该文本及物性过程的选用有助于提高演讲者的语言说服力和感染力等。本研究有助于拓宽及物性系统的研究方向，为分析演讲名作《不自由，毋宁死》提供了新的视角。

关键字：《不自由，毋宁死》  及物性过程  分析

ABSTRACT

Political speech plays an increasingly important role in people's lives, it is an indispensable cultural phenomenon in people's society. Patrick Henry’s speech Give Me Liberty Or give Me Death expresses his opinion of longing for democracy, freedom, equality in his speech. This speech propagated the political attitude of the speaker and was intended to encourage people to cast aside their illusions and prepare for the battle. The speech greatly inspired people to fight for independence and fighting passion. Taking the speech Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death as an example, the transitivity processes of this speech has been analyzed. It has been found that the selection and distribution of transitivity processes are material processes (50.3%), relational processes (21%), mental processes (14%), behavioral processes (7.7%), existential processes (4.1%) and verbal processes (2.9%). The selection of transitivity processes in this speech may help orator enhance persuasiveness and appeal of the language. This study will be of great help to broaden the research direction of transitivity system and provide a new perspective for the analysis of speech.

Key words: Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death  Transitivity Process  Analysis