从目的论对比研究《麦田里的守望者》两个中译本

A Comparative Study of Two Chinese Versions of The Catcher in the Rye from the Perspective of the Skopos Theory 

摘要

《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家塞林格所著的经典小说，作品通过描写主人公霍顿这一形象，再现了美国冷战时期青少年的状况，受到广大推崇，影响持续至今。目的论是德国翻译理论中最重要的理论，对文学作品的翻译有重要的指导作用。然而，目前国内对该著作从目的论视角进行的研究少之甚少，因此该小说在目的论翻译研究方面具有极大的研究价值。通过以往的研究发现，《麦田里的守望者》新旧两个译本不仅在翻译策略上有所差异，更在翻译目的、出版方式、译本影响上有显著不同。本文以目的论为指导和基础，分析比较《麦》两个中译本在语言表达和翻译策略等方面的不同，所选取的中译本译者，一为施咸荣，二为孙仲旭。通过分析，最后得出结论：施咸荣翻译的主要目的是介绍西方文化，让读者了解到更真实的美国社会，因此他采用异化的翻译策略。而孙仲旭翻译的目的是再现原著，以读者为中心型的，因此多采用归化的翻译策略。总体而言，两位译者都实现了各自的翻译目的，满足了不同时代读者的需求，两译作都是成功的作品。

关键词：麦田里的守望者  目的论  对比研究  翻译策略

ABSTRACT

The Catcher in the Rye is a classic novel by J.D. Salinger who is an American writer, which reproduces the status of the American youth during the Cold War by depicting the image of the hero Holden. The novel is widely respected and its influence continues to today. Skopos theory is the most important theory in German translation theory and it plays an important guiding role in the translation of literary works. However, the domestic studies of the Skopos theory studies so far are far from satisfaction whether seen from the perspective of quantity or that of quality. Therefore, this novel has great research value in terms of contributing to the Skopos theory studies. The two versions of The Catcher in the Rye not only differ in the translation strategies, but also have significant differences in translation purpose, way of publication and literary influence, etc.

Guided by the Skopos theory, this thesis conducts a comparison of the two Chinese translation versions of The Catcher in the Rye, which aims to find out the similarities and differences in certain aspects such as language and translation strategies. Besides, the two Chinese translation versions selected here are conducted respectively by translator Shi Xianrong and Sun Zhongxu respectively. Through the comparison of the two versions, the conclusions are as follows: Shi Xianrong’ s main skopos is to introduce the western culture in order that the readers can have a better understanding of the real American society, so he adopts foreignization strategy. While Sun Zhongxu’ s primary purpose is to reproduce the original work, hence his version is reader-orientated. Therefore, he mainly adopts domestication strategy. In general, the two translations fulfill their translation purposes and meet the needs of readers in different periods. The both two versions are successful translation works.

Key words: The Catcher in the Rye  the Skopos Theory  Comparative Studies Translation Strategies