复仇视角下女性形象研究-以《哈姆雷特》和《基督山伯爵》为例_英语论文

An Analysis of Characters in Hamlet and The Count of Monte Cristo from a Feminist Perspective 

摘要

威廉·莎士比亚是欧洲文艺复兴时期英国最伟大的剧作家和诗人，卓越的人文主义思想的代表，近代欧洲文学的奠基者之一。他被公认为英国文艺复兴的顶峰，是全世界最伟大的作家之一。 在其所创作的作品中，四大悲剧之一的《哈姆雷特》被认为是其巅峰之作。《基督山伯爵》是法国作家大仲马的名作。这部部表现复仇与爱情的通俗小说，历经一百多年畅销不衰。这两部作品虽分属不同的历史时期，但是因其“复仇母题”的共性而被联系到一起。本文以女性主义理论为出发点，着重研究复仇视角下这两部作品中丹麦王子哈姆雷特、奥菲莉娅以及海蒂的形象。哈姆雷特是一个有着人文主义思想的王子，同时也是男性主义的代表，但在他的性格中却有着犹豫不决，延宕的一面。正是因为他的忧郁延宕才使得这一形象有着不朽的艺术魅力。长久以来人们批判奥菲莉娅的软弱，因为她不敢去爱、去反抗父权。正是她的软弱最终导致了悲剧的上演。随着女性主义的兴起，学者开始用女性主义的视角重新分析古典名著中的形象。本文将分析哈姆雷特和奥菲莉娅的形象，并对比奥菲莉娅和海蒂的性格，用女性主义视角给他们新的诠释，最终探究莎士比亚潜意识中的女性主义思想，发掘《哈姆雷特》更深的文学意义。

关键词：女性形象   哈姆雷特   奥菲莉娅   海蒂   女性主义

Abstract

William Shakespeare, the most remarkable playwright and poet of England in the period of the renaissance, is one of the founders of modern European literature. Being one of the world’s greatest writers, he was recognized as the pinnacle of English renaissance. His work, Hamlet, one of the four tragedies, is considered the summit of Shakespeare’s art. The Count of Monte Cristo is Alexandre Dumas’s masterpiece. Though the two works belong to different history period, they are connected because their common theme: love and revenge. Based on the feminism theory, this paper will analyze the characters of Hamlet, Ophelia and Haydee. Hamlet is a prince with humanistic ideas. He is a representative of sexist. However, after his father’s death, he became dithery. His melancholy is the reason that makes the image has a monumental artistic charm. Ophelia, after seeing the prince’s madness and her father’s death, lost her mind and drown dead in accident. For centuries, people criticized Ophelia that she was unable to love Hamlet as well as fight against paternity and her weakness lead to her tragedy. With the rising of feminism, scholars began to re-analyze characters of classical master pieces from the feminist perspective. In this paper, the main target is to analyze the character of Hamlet and Ophelia and give contrastive analysis of Ophelia and Haydee. Through the overview of the plot of Hamlet, the two characters were given a new interpretation in the light of feminism. In conclusion, the paper probes into the two characters to achieve a better understanding of Shakespeare’s unconscious idea of feminism and excavate the literary value of Hamlet and The Count of Monte Cristo.

Key words：image of women    Hamlet   Ophelia   Haydee   feminism