以小民族文学的“生成女人”-以拉什迪的《羞耻》为例_英语论文

“Becoming Women”of Minor literature as Seen from Salman Rushdie’s Shame  

摘 要

萨尔曼·拉什迪在印度出生，后在英国长大，2000年定居纽约。他出身于穆斯林家庭，写了一系列讽刺穆斯林的小说，获得了英国布克文学奖。拉什迪于1980开始写作，他作品多涉及政治，所以对其作品的研究并不系统深入。直到2010年，《羞耻》在中国授权出版，国内学术界开始关注该作品并进行系统研究。首先将挖掘《羞耻》文本的历史和魔幻结合的特点，以及对现当代创作的环境分析。

法国当代公认的创造概念大师、著名思想家吉尔·德勒兹以及搭档菲利克斯·瓜塔里的重要哲学文化/文学批评的游牧思想体系对当代文学作品分析起到了继承与批判，与哲学的解域和结合。其中，重点是以“块茎”（rhizome）为核心的概念生成论。德勒兹创作概念的方式独特，在不同领域之间追踪概念，让这些领域既相互沟通，又保持相互间差异。

本文将重点分析《羞耻》这部小说中的毕奎思到苏菲亚的动态生成女人的过程。论文主要尝试系统地解释拉什迪作品中常见的悍妇形象，利用生成理论来研究她们的文化暗示。强调分析了弱者，歇斯底里，女性弱者的力量，这是对于理解拉什迪的写作意图和把握他的文学理念很有作用。“块茎”基于图绘，不是追踪复制，不是制造模式或者建构范式，而是制造地图或者实验，所以每个文本的解读必将是独特以及必要的。

关键词:生成理论   萨尔曼   拉什迪   羞耻

Abstract

In the twentieth century, Salman Rushdie, the eminent and brilliant Indian-born English writer won the Booker prize for his second novel, Midnight's Children (Salman, 1981), won the Booker Prize. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. First, it is important to analysis the properties of Shame, and research the contemporary writing genre of post-colonial characters.

This paper attempts a systematic interpretation and explanation about the shrews and their cultural implications from the perspective of “becoming” theory. It will certainly helpful to understand Rushdie’s writing intentions and grasp his literary ideas.

In the twentieth century, Salman Rushdie, the eminent and brilliant Indian-born English writer won the Booker prize for his second novel, Midnight's Children (Salman, 1981), won the Booker Prize. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. 

Deleuze thinks that the weak and revolution are both going “becoming”. Thinks for the “becoming”, the desire triggered a reformation of the weak, they need the power to becoming thousands of sex from the analysis of the heroine Sufiya to the supporting role Bliquis—finally becoming women.

Key words: Becoming    Shame    Rushdie      Deleuze