摘要

中国特色流行词汇的翻译是折射中国国情和中国文化的一面窗口。本研究从历史流变角度出发，以“高考”一词为例，描述了英美主流媒体对中国特色流行词汇的翻译变化其反应出的翻译策略的变化，调查了英美主流媒体目标读者的偏好，发现异化翻译已出现，且逐渐更加显著，发生变化的主要原因是文化多样性的发展和中国的文化宣传。在此基础上，本研究得出对中国译者“讲好中国故事”的启示，及更多使用异化翻译，保留中国文化的原汁原味，向世界介绍真实的中国文化，满足外国观众对异质文化的期待，增强汉语的感染力和传播效果，在国际交往中树立中国文化认同。

关键词:英美媒体；中国特色词汇；翻译策略；变化

Contents

Abstract i

摘  要 ii

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND 1

1.1.1 Foreignization and domestication 1

1.1.2 Four features of previous studies 2

1.1.3 Three deficiencies of previous studies 3

1.1.4 Evaluation standard of translations of popular words with Chinese characteristics 4

1.2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 5

1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS 5

2. EXAMPLES OF CHANGES OF WORDS WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS IN MAINSTREAM BRITISH AND AMERICAN MEDIA 6

2.1 “GAOKAO” AND “COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAM” FROM CNN 6

2.2 OTHER EXAMPLES FROM MAINSTREAM BRITISH AND AMERICAN MEDIA 8

3. REASONS OF THE CHANGE 10

3.1 A QUESTIONNAIRE TARGETING READERS OF BRITISH AND AMERICAN MEDIA 10

3.2 DESIGN PROCESS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE 13

3.3 RESULTS THE QUESTIONNAIRE 14

3.4 ANALYSIS OF THE STATISTICS 16

4. ANALYSIS OF THE CHANGING REASON OF TRANSLATION STRATEGY 18

4.1 THE ADVANTAGES OF “GAOKAO” OVER “COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAM” 18

4.2 CHANGING REASON OF TRANSLATION STRATEGY 19

5. ENLIGHTENMENT TO CHINESE TRANSLATION PRACTICE 21

5.1 ENLIGHTENMENT TO TRANSLATION STRATEGY CHOICE 21

5.2 ADVICE TO CHINESE TRANSLATORS IN FUTURE TRANSLATION 24

6. CONCLUSION 25

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 27

BIBLIOGRAPHY 29