从功能对等角度浅析《第二十二条军规》中译本_英语论文

A Contrastive Study of Translations of Catch-22 From Perspective of Functional Equivalence    

摘要

约瑟夫·海勒是美国黑色幽默派及荒诞派代表作家，其创作的《第二十二条军规》开创了“黑色幽默”文学流派的先河。改革开放后，国内许多学者开始译介该著作，该小说对中国当代作家的创作产生了深远的影响。本论文选取其中两个较优秀的中译本进行对比分析，这两个中译本分别是：吴冰青的译本（以下简称吴译本）和杨恝、程爱民，邹惠玲合译的译本（以下简称杨译本）。

自从奈达的“功能对等”理论问世以来，对中外翻译界产生了广泛且深远的影响。综观以往的翻译理论，奈达的“功能对等”理论不再一味追求文字上的一一对应，而是更多的强调了译入语读者的反应，更加注重语言功能的对等，最终达到译文与原文意义及风格上的对等。以此理论为基础，本文从意义和风格对等两方面对吴译本及杨译本进行比较研究，旨在探讨该翻译理论对文学翻译的指导作用。

本文首先介绍了《第二十二条军规》原著及其两个中译本；然后介绍奈达功能对等理论的定义以及其他相关的概念，并指出该理论在翻译中的重要意义；再者，本文从风格对等和意义对等两方面对《第二十二条军规》两个中译本进行比较分析，体现并论证功能对等理论对翻译实践的指导作用。本文作者认为，功能对等理论对文学作品的翻译具有指导意义，无论是哪一种译本，如果其能达到既忠实原文，又在文化层面上达到不同语言交流的效果，就是优秀的译作。

关键词:第二十二条军规  功能对等  对比分析  翻译策略

Abstract

Joseph Heller is the representative writer of the black humor and absurd. His creation Catch-22 created the first “black humor” literature genre. After the Chinese reform and opening up, many domestic scholars began to translate the book. The novel had a profound impact to the contemporary Chinese writers’ works. This thesis chose two more outstanding Chinese translations and compared and analyzed them. They are respectively: Wu Bingqing’s translation and Yang Jia, Cheng Aimin and Zhou Huiling’s translation. 

Since the introduction of Nida's “functional equivalence” theory, it has had the extensive and profound influence on Chinese and foreign translation. Throughout the previous translation theories, Nida's “functional equivalence” does not approve the pursuit of one to one correspondence in text, but emphasizes on the reaction of target language readers and pays more attention to the language functional equivalence, and eventually achieves the translation on the equivalence with the original in meaning and style. Based on this theory, this paper compares two versions of the novel from the aspects of meaning and style equivalence, in order to explore the guidance of the theory to literary translation.

This article first introduces the Catch-22’s original version and the two Chinese versions，then introduces the definition of Nida’s functional equivalence theory and other related concepts, and points out the significant meaning of the theory in translation. Moreover, in order to reflect and verify the guiding function of the functional equivalence, this article carries out a comparative analysis of two Chinese versions from two aspects of style equivalence and meaning equivalence. In this paper, the author holds that the theory of functional equivalence has guiding significance for the translation of literary works. No matter which version, if it can reach faithfully to the original and achieve the cultural communication between different languages, it is a good translation. 

Keywords: Catch-22  Functional Equivalence  Comparative Analysis  Translation Strategies