杰克•伦敦的两难境地-个人主义和社会主义的信仰矛盾_英语论文

Jack London’s Dilemma: A Life Between Socialism and Individualism 

摘要

杰克•伦敦是美国著名的现实主义作家，其代表作《铁蹄》曾是美国社会主义的理论范本。然而不少专家学者发现，杰克•伦敦似乎对尼采的超人主义哲学，即个人主义十分热爱，其本人更是把自己标榜为阿尔杰式英雄的典范。本文通过分析杰克•伦敦在不同作品中对这两种矛盾信仰的展现，着重研究其对社会主义和个人主义的理解。同时，通过分析他在不同时期的坎坷经历，以及在从贫困到富有的过程中思想的变化，本文也将对其信仰转换的原因进行研究。

关键词:杰克•伦敦  社会主义  个人主义  阿尔杰式英雄  矛盾信仰

Abstract

Jack London was an American idealistic critical writer. His Iron Heel once provided American socialism with an outstanding socialist theory. However, while studying his works, many critical scholars found out that Jack London also had an interest in individualism which was embodied in Nietzsche’s superman theory; he even considered himself as a representative of Horatio Alger hero. Thus, based on Jack London’s presentations of socialism and individualism in his works, this thesis will explore his interpretations of these two contradictory beliefs. Also, by analyzing his personal experiences and ideological changes during different times in his life, this paper will also focus on the reasons of his faith’s conversion from socialism to individualism, which will help readers have a more comprehensive understandings of Jack London.

Keywords:Jack London  socialism  individualism  Horatio Alger hero  faith’s conversion