言语行为理论视角下《别让我走》的人物性格解读

Understanding Never Let Me Go from the Perspective of Speech Act Theory

摘要

本文根据言语行为理论对长篇小说《别让我走》展开研究，试图揭开藏在科幻题材背后的深层次含义，即小说对克隆人及克隆技术的探讨。通过对选取的语料进行简要分析，归纳出了三位主角的性格。从心思细腻的凯蒂与叛逆的露丝两人间隔阂的产生与消除，到凯蒂与汤米的爱情故事，作者石黑一雄呈现了一段克隆人情感丰富的生活。小说第三部分的悲剧性结局，将上文青春题材的文体拔高到了对伦理与道德的考量，通过主人公之间纯洁的友谊与黑暗的社会形成鲜明对比，警醒世人谨慎对待克隆技术，以避免小说悲剧的现实重演。

关键词：言语行为理论；伦理与道德；《别让我走》

Abstract

Drawing upon the speech act theory, this paper attempts to reveal the deep meaning hid under the science fiction Never Let Me Go. With the brief analysis of linguistic data which is chosen from this novel, the characteristic and life attitude of the main characters have been figured out. From the estrangement and reconciliation of the thoughtful Kathy and rebellious Ruth, and the love story between Kathy and Tommy, the author Kazuo Ishiguro shows a clone humans life with abundant mental activities. But the tragedy in the last part of the novel promote the story to a deep discussion of ethic and morality. Through the comparison of the pure friendship with dark society, the author wants to alert us that we should treat clone technique carefully especially the human cloning, to avoid this tragedy happen again.

Key word：speech act theory；ethic and morality；Never Let Me Go