论西方影视剧中吸血鬼形象的演变-以五部影视作品为例_英语论文

On the Evolution of Vampire Images in Western Films and TV Serials:——Taking Five Typical Western Films and TV Serials for Example

摘要

西方影视作品中，以吸血鬼为题材的作品不胜枚举。但其中最有代表性的电影如1922年的《诺斯费拉图—恐怖交响曲》，二十世纪九十年代的《惊情四百年》和《夜访吸血鬼》。但从此之后，吸血鬼的影视作品开始淡出荧屏，直到《暮光之城》系列﹑《吸血鬼日记》等影视作品的陆续出现，才掀起新一轮吸血鬼流行文化的热潮。那么，经过几十年的沉寂，“吸血鬼”为什么能重新赢得人们的青睐呢？

这是因为吸血鬼银幕形象的特征随着时代的不同而改变着。从1922年青面獠牙如怪兽般的洛克斯伯爵到《惊情四百年》中中年绅士形象的德库拉，再到近几年电视剧《吸血鬼日记》中青春帅气的史蒂芬，吸血鬼的银幕形象发生着与时俱进的变化，影片的类型也由最初的恐怖片迈向如今的偶像片。正是这些具有时代特征的变化，使吸血鬼的魔力再次狂起。

由此看来，每个时代都在创造着“它所需要的吸血鬼”。然而，吸血鬼形象发生的巨大变化，与社会的发展是分不开的。本文将对五部经典影视作品中的吸血鬼形象的演变进行分析并阐释其形象演变的原因。希望通过这次探讨，我们能对西方影视作品中的吸血鬼形象有更深刻的认识，从而更好的了解西方吸血鬼文化。

关键词：吸血鬼  影视作品  形象特征  演变

Abstract                       

Vampire is one of the most common themes in the western films and TV serials. And there are many masterpieces which are based on the vampire themes, such as Nosferatu -- A Symphony of Horror in 1922, Dracula and Interview with the Vampire both in the 1990s. After that, there have been seldom influential vampire films or TV serials to be produced until Twilight Saga and The Vampire Diaries which both released in the 21th century and rapidly swept the world. What are the reasons for vampire’s popularity again？

As time goes on, the images of vampires on the screen have been transforming. Vampires are showing the feature in different times. In the film Nosferatu——A Symphony of Horror, the vampire Lugosi was an old ugly and blood thirsty demon, and in the Dracula, vampire Dracula was an middle-age gentleman. More than a decade later, Twilight Saga and The Vampire Diaries made a breakthrough on the images, for example, in the TV serial The Vampire Diaries the leading actor Stefan was a young and handsome man. These featuring vampires absolutely attracted audience again in the 21st century.

Every age seems to embrace “the vampire that it needs”, so the changed images definitely associates with the development of society. This thesis aims to make an analysis for vampire images’ evolution in the typical western films and TV serials and interpret the reasons for their evolution. This paper will help us have a better understanding for western vampire cultures.

Key Words: Vampire; Film and Television Program; image; evolution