摘要 

《使女的故事》是一本反乌托邦小说，反乌托邦精神的出现与当时的社会背景密切相关。作为空想社会主义的衍生物，乌托邦的发展暴露出了当时社会的一些缺陷。因为在空想社会主义者设想中的社会是完美的：制度民主、经济发达、社会和谐。这些无论是从经济上还是政治上都与现实社会产生了矛盾，因此反乌托邦精神的出现便又将沉迷于空想的人们拉回现实中来。本文在分析空想社会主义的相关社会背景以及在经济、政治和人权三方面主要观点的基础上，对比分析空想社会主义设想下完美的乌托邦世界与小说中所描写未来的充满弊端的乌托世界它们的不同之处，以此来明确反乌托邦文学出现的原因和它对后世的警醒。

关键词：空想社会主义；反乌托邦; 使女的故事

Contents

摘要 i

Abstract ii

Chapter One Introduction 1

1.1 A brief introduction to the novel and its author 1

1.2 A brief introduction to the outline 2

Chapter Two Theoretical Framework and Literature Review 4

2.1 The development of utopian socialism 4

2.1.1 The social background at that time 4

2.1.2 Characteristics of each period 5

2.1.3 Historical significance 6

2.2 The main propositions of utopian socialism 7

2.2.1 Economic aspects 7

2.2.2 Political aspects 8

2.2.3 Human rights aspects 8

2.3 Research on the Handmaid's Tale at home and abroad 9

Chapter An Analysis of The Handmaid's Story from the Perspective of Utopian Socialism 11

3.1 The comparison between the main propositions of utopian socialism and that in the novel 11

3.1.1 Economic aspects 11

3.1.2 Political aspects 12

3.1.3 Human rights aspects 13

3.2 The warning significance to later generations 14

3.2.1 Political aspects 14

3.2.2 Economic aspects 15

3.2.3 Human rights aspects 15

Chapter Four Conclusion 17

4.1 A summarizing overview 17

4.2 Limitation and suggestions for further studies 17

REFERENCES 19

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 21