《名利场》的非英雄主义探析

Analysis of the Non-heroism in Vanity Fair

摘要

古今中外，传统小说常常会存在一个无所不能的英雄人物，或者惊天地泣鬼神的英雄事迹。但是，英国19世纪批判现实主义小说家萨克雷的成名作《名利场》中写到的都是游离在现实边缘为理想而挣扎的普通人，或者是一些无足轻重的琐碎庸俗之事。在当时，这本书引起了文坛的轰动，至今仍有极大的研究价值。副标题“一部没有英雄的小说”正是集中体现了萨克雷的人生观和力求真实的创作主张与原则。据此，本文将从《名利场》中显现出来的非英雄主义倾向角度探析作者对充斥着势利愚昧、黑暗腐败现象的名利场的深刻揭示以及非英雄主义的社会意义和对后来的西方文学作品的影响，并从中感悟出现代社会名利诱惑下的社会风气和应该具备的道德与价值诉求。

关键词：萨克雷；《名利场》；名利场；非英雄主义；道德与价值诉求

Abstract

In the past or present,in China or anywhere else in the world, traditional novels often bring readers an omnipotent hero or some amazing stories of heroes.But Thackeray, the British critical realist in the 19th century shows completely different writing styles in his masterpiece Vanity Fair. All the characters in this novel are the ordinary people who are wandering on the fringes of reality and struggling for ideals, and all the things in the whole story are seemingly of no account.At that time, this work made the literalĠc聩rgles quite a stir, and now it’s still something worth studying.The subtitle “A Novel Without Hero” exactly reflects Thackeray’s outlooks,creative ideas and principles of striving to depict actuality.Accordingly, this thesis will analyze the theme - profoundly revealing the vanity fair full of snobbery and ignorance, darkness and corruption from non-heroism in Vanity Fair.And non-heroism has produced not only social meanings, but also impacts on later western literary works. Readers can also be enlightened to comprehend the ethics and value pursuits in the modern time.  

Key words: W. M. Thackeray;Vanity Fair;Vanity Fair;Non-heroism;Ethics and value pursuits