任务型教学法在初中英语口语教学中的运用_英语论文

How to Apply Task-based Approach in Junior High School’s English Oral Teaching

摘要

我国将英语列为九年义务制教育的科目之一，是初中生必须学习的科目。这样做的目的是想让每一个公民都能掌握英语听、说、读、写的基本能力。而目前初中生在“说”这一能力的发展上遇到了很大的障碍。因此，改善初中生英语口语学习，弥补学生在使用英语交流时出现的缺陷与困难，真正地做到让学生学有所用，提高学生学习英语的兴趣，以期更好地、更高效率地开展英语教学，提高学生英语综合能力成为了亟待解决的问题。

通过对相关教学法的研究——包括对翻译法、直接法、听说法、视听法、认知法、交际法以及任务型教学法的研究，发现任务型教学法更有利于提高英语口语的学习，同时也不会耽误“听、读、写”方面的学习。相比传统教学法，任务型教学法更加符合人的认知思维，更能激起学生的学习兴趣，培养学生的综合能力，使学生能够自然地学习。任务型教学法提倡“在做中学”，其“任务”使学生不停地“做”，在做中不停地“学”，这一特点对英语口语的学习有着非常积极的影响，特别是对于精力充沛的初中生来讲是特别有益的。

作者根据对任务型教学法的理论基础、定义、本质原则、实施过程的研究，阐释了如何在教学过程中运用好任务型教学法，并以当前初二学生所使用的英语教材为准，运用任务型教学法设计了一个英语口语学习的教案。

任务型教学法有利于改善初中生英语口语学习，提高其英语学习的综合能力，但这一教学法也并非完美，需要教师根据教学的实际情况开展英语教学。

关键词：教学法 任务型教学法 英语口语 学生特点

Abstract

English, which must be learned by junior high school students, is a subject of nine-year compulsory education in China, hoping that every Chinese can have the basic capability in listening, speaking, reading and writing. However, at present, there is a big trouble in developing spoken English among junior high school students. Hence, it's an urgent problem to improve junior high school students' oral English and make up the defect and difficulty when communicating in English. Helping students to use what they learn in class and stimulating their English learning interests are really needed now to teach English efficiently and improve students' English integrating skills.

After researching some typical teaching approaches which include the grammar-translation approach, the direct method, the audio-lingual method, the seeing and hearing law, the cognitive approach, the communicative approach and the task-based approach, the author finds that the task-based approach is more beneficial to improving spoken English and it has no negative effects on the developing of listening, reading and writing. Compared to the traditional teaching methods, task-based approach conforms to the human cognitive thinking and arouses students' interests in learning much more. It not only can cultivate students' comprehensive capacities, but also can make students learn naturally. Task-based approach advocates learning by doing. Students will do in the "task" and so they will learn in the doing. Obviously, this trait has positive influence on oral English learning, especially for junior high school students who are full of energy.

The author researches the task-based approach in all aspects, including its basic theories, definition, essence, principles and implementing procedures, to states how to apply the task-based approach into English oral teaching. Bedsides, there is an oral English teaching design, made according to the English text used by the junior high school students grade two at present, giving a specific statement of usage of the task-based approach. This approach not only benefits improving junior high school students’ oral English, but also the English comprehensive ability. 

Nevertheless, this approach is not so perfect and it’s necessary for teachers to have an English class according to the real situation at the moment.

Key words: Teaching Methods; Task-based Approach; Oral English; Students’ Traits