论《道林•格雷的画像》中的唯美主义

On Aestheticism in the Picture of Dorian Gray

摘要

19 世纪末期, 唯美主义思潮盛行于欧洲文学界,奥斯卡·王尔德作为英国唯美主义文学创作的集大成者,可以说是最具代表性也最具争议的作家之一。而《道林·格雷的画像》是王尔德唯一的一部长篇小说,它将王尔德的唯美主义观发挥到了极致。同时，从某种意义上来看,它也是王尔德的自我写照，是一部关于艺术和人生的寓言。王尔德在作品中提倡"艺术至上"的观念,也谈到唯美主义并非无视道德。深入的探究可以发现，这部作品的内容正是通过艺术的手法来体现唯美主义与道德的关系。本文将通过对《道林·格雷的画像》进行深入分析探讨，概括几个主要人物在作品中体现的唯美元素来剖析王尔德的唯美主义观点,并且揭示《道林·格雷的画像》这部作品的目的：捍卫艺术的纯洁和独立, 拓展美的领域和艺术表现的范围, 提高艺术表现力。 

关键字：奥斯卡·王尔德；唯美主义；《道林·格雷的画像》；艺术

Abstract

At the end of the nineteenth Century, the trend of aestheticism prevailed in European literary circles. Oscar Wilde, as one of the most prominent and most controversial writers in the United Kingdom, was the master of English aestheticism literature. Oscar Wilde's only novel, the Picture of Dorian Gray, had brought into full play his view of aestheticism. At the same time, it was also a self portrait of Wilde in a sense and was a fable about art and life. In this work, he advocated "art for art's sake", and also said that aestheticism was not ignoring morality. Through inquiry it can be found that the content of this work is through the artistic techniques to reflect the relationship between aestheticism and morality. This paper made an in-depth analysis on the picture of Dorian Gray. And the thesis author summarized the aesthetic elements were embodied in the characterization of several main characters in the novel and concludes that Wilde’s aesthetic views and the real purpose of the novel as well: to defend the purity and independence of art, to expand the scope of the field of beauty and artistic expression，and to improve the artistic expression.

Key words:  Oscar Wilde; Aestheticism; The Picture of Dorian Gray; Art