男权主义视角下苔丝悲剧命运的探析
An Analysis of Tess's Tragedy in the Perspective of Patriarchy
摘要
《德伯家的苔丝》是英国著名作家托马斯•哈代的力作。故事围绕着一个年轻美丽女性苔丝所展开，情节跌宕起伏。苔丝作为一个英国文学史上经典的悲剧形象，数百年看来已经成为人们的焦点。苔丝由一个天真纯洁的女孩最后变成一个杀人犯，这无疑是一个悲剧，造成这种悲剧的成因也有很多。本文从男权主义的角度剖析女主角苔丝悲剧命运的成因。本文主要从小说中的三个典型男性角色作为切入口，通过对他们性格特征以及言语行为的分析，找到他们驱使苔丝最终走向悲剧的原因。苔丝不仅仅是这部小说中的悲剧角色，更是当时社会中女性的缩影。本文将从男权主义角度对苔丝的女性身份地位的角度进行分析, 揭示出当时社会在男权传统势力的压迫下女性的生存状况。
关键词：德伯家的苔丝； 悲剧命运；男权主义
Abstract
Tess of the D’Urbervilles is an impressive part of that great British writer Thomas Hardy's works. Without any doubts, it is his absolute masterpiece. The story lays emphasis on a young and beautiful lady Tess, telling us her ups and downs. And at the same time, Tess as a classic personage of tragedy in British literature, as it were, has been paid much attention by people in the last hundreds years, in a word, these researchers were eager to know Tess better and deeper. It is a pathetic story for sure, in that it presents readers a view that how the innocent and pure girl Tess turns into a coldblooded murder, and of course, these factors of changing Tess’s moral principles are also in the story, but it needs readers to catch on the key content and apprehend it comprehensively.
This article, in a very perspective of Male Chauvinism, analyses Tess's miserable lifetime and then explains why Tess suffered that much. Those three classic male figures in this novel, dissecting their sayings and action, are the very entrance to understand what they had done for changing Tess that much. More than that, Tess is not only a glamorous figure in this novel, but also an epitome of all women in that time. Women were the vulnerable groups in that society.
This paper, in a special outlook of Male Chauvinism, unmasks the real living conditions for women in that age by analyzing Tess's terrible lifetime. Thus readers may know why Tess changed that much.
Key words: Tess of the D’Urbervilles; Tragic fate; Patriarchy