摘要

托尼·莫里森是20世纪获得诺贝尔文学奖的唯一一位美国黑人女性作家，她从女性视角克服性别和种族的双重阻碍关注美国黑人的生活与历史。她的小说《宠儿》蕴含着深刻的生态女性主义观点，小说取材于一个真实事件：女黑奴塞丝为了获取自由携女逃亡，奴隶主追踪而至，因不愿看到女儿重蹈覆辙，毅然将其扼杀。本论文通过生态女性主义理论的主要观点分析托妮·莫里森小说《宠儿》中三个黑人女性形象，详细阐述这三种不同时期的女性对自然的态度，分析黑人女性在受到压迫后逐步觉醒开始反抗的过程，从而揭露出黑人女性的悲惨命运，呼吁从自然中汲取力量向现实作斗争。生态女性主义从女性和自然的角度解读文学作品，揭露黑人女性自我意识逐步苏醒的过程，从而争取建立了一个人与自然、男女平等的和谐共处的世界。

关键词：宠儿；生态女性主义；自然；压迫和反抗

Contents

摘要 i

Abstract ii

Chapter One Introduction 1

1.1 An Introduction of Toni Morrison and Her Works 1

1.2 Literature Review 2

Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation: Ecofeminism 4

2.1 Development of Ecofeminism 4

2.2 The Main Viewpoints of Ecofeminism 5

2.2.1 Oppression 5

2.2.2 Resistance 6

2.2.3 Harmony 6

Chapter Three Oppression and Resistance of Black Women from Ecofeminism 7

3.1 Oppression of Black Women and Nature 7

3.1.1 Destruction of Nature 7

3.1.2 Loss of Humanity 7

3.1.3 Loss of Wifehood 8

3.1.4 Loss of Independence 9

3.2 Resistance of Black Women through Nature 9

3.2.1 Baby Suggs’s Ignorant Attitude towards Nature 10

3.2.2 Sethe’s Recognition of Nature 10

3.2.3 Denver’s Dependence on Nature 11

Chapter Four Possibility of Harmony 12

4.1 Harmony between Nature and Human 12

4.2 Harmony between Men and Women 13

Chapter Five Conclusion 14

REFERENCES 15

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 16