跨文化视角下中英礼貌用语的语用失误及其对策研究_英语论文

A Cross-cultural Study of Pragmatic Failures of Polite Language between Chinese and English and Its Countermeasures 

摘要

礼貌现象作为一种普遍的社会现象存在于人类社会当中。由于文化的差异性，人们对礼貌内涵的解读不尽相同。在跨文化交际中，人们往往会依据由其自身文化所决定的礼貌准则，来判断对方的言行是否得体，因此误解或交际失败的产生在所难免。语言学家将这种交际失败称之为语用失误。因此对于跨文化交际者而言，深入了解不同文化中的礼貌内涵和表现形式是完全必要的。本文在跨文化交际的视角下，依据Grice的合作原则、Leech的礼貌原则以及顾曰国教授的中国礼貌研究等理论，针对中英礼貌用语的语用失误及其对策进行了研究。具体说来，对跨文化交际者而言，要达到成功交际的目的，就必须增强其对文化差异的认知，提高跨文化交际能力。

关键字：礼貌原则；跨文化交际；语用失误

Abstract

Politeness has been a common social phenomenon in human societies. Because of cultural differences, the meaning of polite interpretation is not the same. In cross-cultural communication, usually, people will judge each other’s words based on its own cultural backgrounds, so misunderstanding or communication failures are inevitable. Linguists regard this kind of communication failure as pragmatic failure. So as far as cross-cultural communicators are concerned, thorough understanding of different cultures and expressions of politeness connotation are absolutely necessary. Under the perspective of cross-cultural communication, this thesis makes a study of pragmatic failures of polite language between Chinese and English and its countermeasures according to Grice's cooperative principle, Leech's politeness principle, and a Chinese professor Gu Yueguo’s politeness theory. In particular, as far as cross-cultural communicators are concerned, in order to achieve successful communication, we must enhance our awareness of cultural differences and improve our cross-cultural communication skills. 

Keywords:  politeness  intercultural communication  pragmatic failures