论《艰难时世》中的功利主义_英语论文

Utilitarianism in Charles Dickens’ Hard Times 

摘要

查尔斯·狄更斯是英国19世纪杰出的批判现实主义作家，《艰难时世》是其创作全盛时期的一部重要作品。小说中狄更斯对当时流行的功利主义思潮进行了有力的批判，从而揭示出小说中主要人物的悲剧性结局的根源。分析这部小说中两个典型的功利主义信徒—葛擂硬和庞得贝及其周围人物，指出功利主义对人性的摧残。

关键词：《艰难时世》 ；功利主义 ；悲剧性结局

Abstract

Charles Dickens is a critical realism novelist and the greatest writer in Victorian England. Hard Times is an important work during his writing life. Dickens has criticized the utilitarianism prevailing in 19th century England. Focusing on the two typical followers of utilitarianism—Gradgrind, Bounderby and people around them, the essay points out that it is utilitarianism that caused the tragedies of these characters. 

Key words: Hard Times; utilitarianism; tragic endings