义素分析法分析英语词汇歧义

A Componential Analysis of Lexical Ambiguity

摘要：英语词汇歧义是语言学中的一种不确定现象，也是语言表达中的最普遍现象。本文通过分析前人研究中词汇歧义的不同分类，在成分分析法的理论背景下，重新探索词汇歧义形成的原因，更加理性客观地看待这一现象的形成。此外，在众多的认知机制下，选择激活-抑制机制，更好地表现了认知语境对于词汇歧义消解起到了重大作用。本文旨在通过讨论词汇歧义形成原因和消歧方法，使读者一定程度上避免歧义带来的误解。

关键词：英语词汇歧义；成分分析法；激活—抑制机制；认知语境

Abstract: English lexical ambiguity is a phenomenon of semantic uncertainty, which is a basic phenomenon in language expression. This paper, by analyzing different kinds of lexical ambiguity in other researches, explores the reasons for the formation of lexical ambiguity by componential analysis and makes a more rational and objective view of the formation of this phenomenon. In addition, under the numerous cognitive mechanisms, activation-inhibition mechanism is applied to demonstrate that cognitive context plays an important role in the restriction of lexical ambiguity. This paper aims to avoid misunderstanding caused by ambiguity through discussing the causes and methods of restriction.

Key words: English lexical ambiguity; componential analysis; activation-inhibition mechanism; cognitive context