用结构主义分析《长日留痕》中史蒂文斯的悲剧

A Structuralist Analysis of Stevens’ Tragedy in The Remains of the Day

摘  要：英国作家石黑一雄的《长日留痕》探讨了英帝国的衰落及个体的自我迷失，主要关注主人公对人生价值的思考。二元对立理论旨在寻找人类基本观念、文化与语言中的二元对立概念，运用对比来揭示事物的本质与内涵。本文的目的是通过运用二元对立来寻找史蒂文斯自身的问题及阶级与时代对其的影响，探讨史蒂文斯悲剧的根源。此理论有利于更全面，深入的挖掘作品中主人公悲剧及其来源。最后，本论文发现造成主人公悲剧的原因主要有主人公的个性、社会以及时代的影响。

关键词：《长日留痕》；史蒂文斯；悲剧；二元对立 

Abstract: One of Kazuo Ishiguro's works，The Remains of the Day explored the theme of the decline of imperialism and individual self-deception through the portrait of Stevens. It focuses on the protagonist's thinking about the value of life. Binary oppositions is a powerful tool for explaining people's basic ideas, culture and language. It often uses the contrast to reveal the nature and connotation of things. And the purpose of the paper is to study Stevens’ own problems and the influence of class and society on him and explore the causes of his tragedy through the analysis of the binary oppositions in the story. This theory is conducive to a more comprehensive and in-depth excavation of the protagonist’s tragedy and its sources. Finally, the paper finds out that there are three main causes for Stevens’ tragedy including the protagonist’s personality, the society and the times in which he lived.

Key Words: The Remains of the Day; Stevens; tragedy; binary oppositions