《荒野的呼唤》之多重主题分析_英语论文

Multiple Themes of The Call of the Wild

摘要

杰克·伦敦的小说《荒野的呼唤》，虽然题材并不复杂，但主题明显具有丰富性，多重性。本文在国内外学者研究的基础上，对小说重要主题进行深层次挖掘，对其作品进行重新解析，解读伦敦的丰富情感和蕴藏的哲学内涵。作品通过巴克受到人类的种种侵害，揭露了人类中心主义现实存在的弊端；北方环境里，巴克为了生存，不断抗争，不断适应，改变自己，体现了作者对适者生存的观点在社会生活中重要意义的肯定；最后，巴克抛弃人类社会，回归荒野，写出了19世纪末20世纪初的种种社会现状，表达其对所谓人类文明的一些虚伪本质的失望，对于回归荒野，回归本真的期盼。此文旨在通过作品的主题的揭示过程中，品味社会的黑暗、人性的复杂，同时警示当今时代人们，社会的健康发展，必须遵循人与自然和谐的法则、人类的永续发展，必须在学会抗争与适应的过程中回归人性。

关键词：杰克·伦敦；《荒野的呼唤》；多重主题

Abstract

The Call of the Wild is Jack London's novel, although the range of subjects is not complicated, it's themes are obviously rich and multiple. On the basis of domestic and foreign scholars' researches, this thesis digs the deep level of the novel’s main themes, analyses the work to interpret the rich emotional and philosophical connotations hidden in London. From experiences by Buck being abused by human beings, the author writes out anthropocentrism's disadvantages existed in the real world. In the northern environment, in order to survive, Buck continues to struggle with others, adapts to the environment and changes himself to survive, from which, the author writes out the significance of the theory of the survival of the fittest. Finally, with the result of Buck's abandoning to human society and returning to the wildness, the author writes out various social situations of the late 19th and early 20th century, expresses his disappointments to some of the hypocrisy of the so-called human civilization. He wishes to return wildness and true self, and it's also his hope to others in society. This thesis aims to reveal the themes of the work, tastes the darkness of society and the complexity of human nature at the same time. It warns people in modern age, the society's healthy development must follow the laws of man and nature in harmony. Human’s sustainable development must ask people to learn to struggle in the adaptation process.

Keywords: Jack London, The Call of the Wild, The multiple Themes

Contents

1.Introduction 5

2.Literature Review 5

3.The Reality of Anthropocentrism in The Call of the Wild 6

3.1 The introduction of anthropocentrism 7

3.2 Buck’s misery brought by human beings 7

3.3 The death of the Charles 8

4.The Doctrine of the Survival of the Fittest of The Call of the Wild 9

4.1 Adapting everything to be alive 9

4.2 Cruel struggle in northern environment 10

4.3 Buck’s elite transition 10

5.The Expectation to Return Wilderness 11

5.1 The description of northern wilderness prototype 12

5.2 Buck’s returning of wilderness 12

6.Conclusion 13

Works Cited 14