从文化对等看《红楼梦》中人名的翻译-以霍克斯、杨宪益译本为例_英语论文

Effects On Name Translation in A Dream of Red Mansions from the Perspective of Cultural Equivalence -- Taking Hawkes, Yang Hsien-yi Versions as examples 

摘要

《红楼梦》是一部中国文学历史上经久不衰的著作，为了在世界上更广泛的流传，国外内多名学者对其进行了翻译，它曾被译为了多种版本，而关于《红楼梦》著作中人名翻译方式，有两个比较代表性的翻译版本：首先是由我国著名翻译家杨宪益夫妇执笔的翻译版本；另外是由英国翻译家霍克斯先生的翻译版本。本文主要是关于《红楼梦》名著翻译版本有关杨宪益译本和霍克斯译本中关于人名的翻译方式的相异进行相互对比与分析，充分利用功能对等理论理解和拆分杨宪益译本和霍克斯译本中所包含的不同翻译技巧，从文化对等的视角作者对杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇和大卫.霍克斯的《红楼梦》相互对比分析研究，我们可以很容易的提炼出一个观点，由于杨宪益本人的文化学习背景，所以该译本根植于中国的本土文化，崇尚于中华文化的传统精粹，并且致力于向世界介绍中国文化,所以他的翻译是以中国文化为基础的；霍克斯则是地道的英国文化的继承者，学习和研究都取向于英国文化，所以他的译本主要以英国文化为参照物。

关键词  《红楼梦》英译本  人名翻译  功能对等理论  文化对等

Abstract

A Dream of Red Mansions is a masterpiece in the literary history. In order to spread, it has been translated into a variety of versions by scholars at home and abroad until now. There are two representative English translations: one is translated by the famous translators Yang Hsien-yi and his wife Gladys Yang; the other is translated by the British translator, David. Hawkes. This thesis tries to compare and analyze the differences of the names translation in A Dream of Red Mansions between Yang Hsien-yi version and Hawkes version from the perspective of cultural equivalence. The author of this thesis adopts translation strategies proposed in Functional Equivalence Theory to make the analysis of examples of name translation by David Hawkes and Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys-Yang. Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang are living and learning in the Chinese cultural background, so the translation is based on Chinese local culture, shows the essence of Chinese traditional culture, and is committed to introduce Chinese culture to the world. Therefore his translation is based on Chinese culture. While Hawkes is the inheritor of the authentic British culture whose learning and researches are based on the British culture, so his translation mainly takes the British culture as the reference.

Keywords  A Dream of Red Mansions  name translation  Functional Equivalence Theory cultural equivalence

Contents

1.  Introduction 3

1.1  Research Background 3

1.2  Significance of the Study 3

1.3 Outline of the Thesis 4

2.  Literature Review 6

3.  Theoretical Framework 8

3.1  Introduction to Functional Equivalence Theory 8

3.2  Equivalence in the Literary Translation 9

3.3  Domestication and Foreignization 10

4.  Analysis and Discussion 11

4.1  Names after the sounds 11

4.2  Names after the forms 12

4.3  Names after the Irony 13

4.4  Names after the Religious Culture 14

5.  Conclusion 16

Acknowledgements 18

References 19