顺从与反抗-《小镇畸人》中的污名化现象_英语论文

Obedience and Rebellion: The Stigmatization in Winesburg, Ohio

摘要

舍伍德·安德森被称为第一个美国心理学家。在文学领域，他影响了一大批作家，如欧内斯特·海明威、威廉·福克纳和约翰·斯坦贝克等人，所以安德森也被称为“大师们的大师”。《小镇畸人》是他第一部反映人类心理问题的作品。书中的温斯堡小镇是所有受美国工业发展影响的中西部小镇的缩影。自该书出版以来，许多评论家从各个角度进行了解读，如女性主义、表现主义、成长主义、畸人主题、逃离主题、非传统的写作技巧、机械化的时代背景、佛洛依德精神分析、小镇情节等。本文主要通过分析《小镇畸人》中两个人物--Wing Biddlebaum 和 Jesse Bentley--在“污名化”影响下所产生的不同心理态度以及应对策略，揭示“污名化”对弱势个体造成的心理伤害。本论文由三部分组成：第一部分介绍“污名化”的心理学背景。 第二部分阐释“污名化”在小说人物塑造和情节发展上的具体体现。 第三部分探索“污名化”的化解之路， 受到“污名”影响的弱势个体想要寻求解脱，必须学会自我接纳并向社会求助。

关键词：安德森 《小镇畸人》 “污名化”

Abstract

Sherwood Anderson is known as the first American psychologist. In the field of literature, he has affected a large number of writers, such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner and John Steinbeck, therefore Anderson also referred to as the “writer’s writer”.winesburg, Ohio is his first work reflecting the spiritual plight of the residents in a modern society. Since the book was published, many critics from different angles to understand reading, such as feminism, Anderson’s small-town complex, alienation and loneliness, expressionism, Freudian-ism, escapism or the growth of the characters. In this paper, the author focus on the stigmatized situation of two of the characters Wing Biddlebaum and Jesse Bentley, revealing their psychological and physical disorders as well as their coping strategies. This thesis is made up of three parts. The first part introduces the psychology background of stigmatization. The second part illustrates the stigmatization in the embodiment of character shaping and development of the plot. The third part explores the possible ways to shed the negative influence of the stigmatization. They should turn to self-acceptance and seek social support.

Key Words:  Anderson Winesburg, Ohio stigmatization

Contents

摘要 i

Abstract ii

Obedience and Rebellion: The Stigmatization in Winesburg, Ohio 1

Introduction 1

1 A Brief Introduction to Stigmatization 4

1.1 The Cause of Stigmatization 4

1.2 The Symptoms of Stigmatization 7

2 The Stigmatization in Winesburg, Ohio 8

2.1 The Obedience of Wing Biddlebaum in “Hands” 8

2.2  The Rebellion of Jesse Bentley in “Godliness” 10

3 Ways to Shed the Influence of Stigmatization 13

3.1 The Necessity of Unconditional Self-Acceptance 13

3.2  The Necessity of Asking for Social Support 14

Conclusion 16

Bibliography 18

Acknowledgment 20