浅析《无名的裘德》中裘德悲剧性命运的原因_英语论文

A Probe into the Causes for the Tragedies of Jude in Jude the Obscure

摘要

托马斯·哈代是英国维多利亚时代著名的现实主义作家和诗人，《无名的裘德》是其“性格与环境小说”的代表作之一,小说主要讲述了乡村青年裘德壮志难酬的悲剧人生，表现了社会底层人民在追求和梦想落空后的痛苦和绝望，并借主人公的悲惨命运对维多利亚社会和人性进行了现实主义批判。裘德的悲剧既有社会因素也有个人因素，同时也受哈代自然主义思想的影响。他的悲剧是个人理想和社会现实的冲突之下的产物，对现代社会和人的发展极具现实意义。

关键词：托马斯·哈代 《无名的裘德》 裘德 悲剧原因

Abstract

Tomas Hardy is a famous British realist writer and poet. Jude the Obscure is one of the representatives of his “novels of character and environment”. The book mainly talks about the tragic life of the protagonist -Jude, manifests the pain and desperation of people in low social status who failed to realize their ambitions, and criticizes Victorian society and humanity. Jude’s tragedies are mainly caused by social and personal factors, and are also influenced by Hardy’s naturalism. His tragedies, in its essence, are the result of the conflict between personal pursuits and social reality, which gives great realistic significance to human and society.

Key words: Tomas Hardy Jude the Obscure Jude cause tragedies

Contents

Introduction 1

Chapter one 2

1.1 Social background 2

1.2Victorian education 3

1.3Victorian marriage and religion 4

Chapter two 7

2.1Kindness, sensitivity and diligence 8

2.2Poor willpower and weakness 9

2.3 Unreality and indecision 10

Chapter three 12

3.1Hardy’s naturalism and its resource 12

3.2Hereditary factors in the tragedies 13

3.3Environmental factors in the tragedies 13

Conclusion 14

4.1 The tragedies of multiple factors 14

4.2The similarity between Victorian society and our present society 16

4.3Suggestions 17

Bibliography 17

Acknowledgement 18