论《蝇王》的寓言性_英语论文

Allegory in Lord of the Flies

摘要

英国作家威廉•戈尔丁凭借小说《蝇王》享誉世界；作为其大师级著作，《蝇王》通常被视为杰出的寓言小说，戈尔丁对真实世界以及人性的看法通过这部作品传达出来。《蝇王》向世人展示了一群天真的男孩怎样变成嗜血的猎手，文明怎样被野蛮取代。

小说旨在反映人性的邪恶。其中众多典型的人物、意象都在传达这一主题。本篇论文将分析小说中主要人物、意象的寓意，以及它们的寓言特征如何为反映小说主题服务。故事中的每个角色都富含寓意：领袖拉尔夫和杰克代表民主与独裁的对立；男孩比奇具备科学素养；而西蒙则是信念和真理的化身。这些与众不同的个体最终都被杰克代表的邪恶所毁灭，这就是人性恶的最好证明。另外，小说中三个意象——海螺、眼镜、野兽也使寓意更加深刻。海螺代表权威，眼镜是男孩们赖以生存的必需品，而野兽贯穿始终，成为寓意最深的意象，是对人性恶的直接诠释。这些人物、意象很好的结合在一起，共同构成了这个寓言世界。但寓言最终是要明确其寓意的。寓言让小说更为生动，使人性恶的主题更加外显。作者将自己想要表达的人性埋进作品中，那就是，描述人性恶，意在警醒现代人审视自己的行为；更重要的是，让人受到启发。

关键词：《蝇王》 寓言性 人性恶

Abstract

William Golding is a well-known British writer. Lord of the Flies makes him notable worldwide. As his masterpiece, Lord of the Flies is often regarded as an excellent allegory. The author’s opinions about the real world and the human nature are reflected in the story. It shows how civilization is replaced by wildness, how a group of innocent boys changes into cold-blooded hunters. In the novel, the allegoric meaning is very important. 

The novel aims to indicate evil humanity. There are typical characters and images to help the author illustrate the theme. The two leaders Ralph and Jack represent opposite side of democracy and autocracy. They are different in personalities, thus they use different ways to rein the island. In the end Jack’s triumph claims the triumph of evil humanity. Piggy is equipped with scientific spirits and Simon is a reflex of faith and reason. They are all destroyed by Jack and the other savage boys. That’s also a proof that this allegory is to show evil humanity. Three images also help make the allegory more profound. The conch represents authority. The pair of glasses is a basic tool for living. And the beast is the best image to indicate evil humanity. The novel achieves a wonderful combination of allegoric characters and images. All the elements create an allegoric world. The effects of allegory are also obvious. The adoption of allegory makes the story more vivid. It conveys evil humanity more explicitly. Allegory makes the truth about evil humanity more persuasive because the author buries his intentions into the allegoric story，that is, to show people evil humanity so that he can warn them not to act like that. Golding wants modern people to know their human nature, thus changing their bad habits. Reading the allegory will make the readers be enlightened. 

Key words: Lord of the Flies, allegory, evil humanity

Contents

Introduction 1

1. Definition of Allegory in Literature 4

2. Allegoric Meanings of the Main Characters 5

3.Typical Allegoric Images Described in the Novel—the Conch, the Glasses and the Beast 10

4.The Effects of Allegory in the Novel 13

4.1. To Indicate the Theme, Evil Humanity 13

4.2. To Enlighten 15

5.Conclusion 17