论《1984》中人性善良的消亡_英语论文

On People’s Loss of Original Goodness in Nineteen Eighty-four

摘要

乔治.奥威尔的代表作《1984》是一部反乌托邦、反极权主义的经典著作。长期以来，研究者们更多地关注的是这部作品的政治色彩，探究极权主义的统治以及人性的禁锢。而本文将从人性善良迷失的角度来进一步探究出迷失的根本原因。本文一共分为两章，第一部分将对小说《1984》的内容进行介绍，并且就现今国内外对乔治.奥威尔及《1984》的研究情况进行一个简单的综述。在第一章中，人类的本性是善良的，即使是在《1984》所描绘的极权社会里，也可以看到一些人性中善良的微光。我将关注小说中那些闪耀着人性光芒的善良的片段并加以分析。但是，由于环境的影响，与外界的接触、教育等因素的影响，也许最初的善良会逐渐消失。甚至在某些特定的因素下，你无法坚持那些善良。尤其是在奥威尔《1984》的极权统治下。在第二章中，极权主义的社会对人们进行个人思想意识和个人情感的禁锢，并且残暴的进行身体和心理的摧残，使人们最终渐渐丢失了原本的善良。最后一部分为结论，通过对主人公温斯顿和无产者的分析，证明了人性的种种善良，在这样一个极权统治的社会中，也不得不被摧残得面目全非。

关键词：乔治·奥威尔; 《1984》; 本善; 极权社会; 迷失

Abstract 

George Orwell’s masterpiece —Nineteen Eighty-four is a dystopian, anti-totalitarian classic. For a long time, researchers pay more attention to the political nature of this work, to exploring totalitarian rule and durance of humanity. However, this paper attempts to interpret the novel from “the loss of goodness”, and dig out the fundamental cause why people gradually lost the original goodness in human nature. This paper is divided into four parts. The part one serves as a general introduction to the content of the novel Nineteen Eighty-four, and makes a simple review about the research situation of George Orwell and Nineteen Eighty-four in China and abroad nowadays. In Chapter One, the nature of human beings is good, and we can see some glimmer of good, even in the totalitarian society depicted in Nineteen Eighty-four. This article will focus on and analysis of some fragments about the shining light of humanity and kindness in the novel. However, due to the influence of the environment, contact with the outside world, education and other factors, perhaps the original goodness will gradually be lost. In certain conditions, you can't hold on to the goodness, such as the totalitarian rule. In Chapter Two, totalitarian society imprisoned people’s individual ideology and personal emotion, and carried out brutal physical and psychological devastation. So that people gradually lost the original goodness. The last part is the conclusion. It is proved that the goodness of human nature, in such a totalitarian society, has to be destroyed completely through the analysis of the protagonist Winston and the proles.

Key words:George Orwell; Nineteen Eighty-four; the totalitarian society; original goodness; lose.

Contents

Introduction 5

Chapter 1 The glimmer of goodness 7

Chapter 2 Imprisonment of goodness by totalitarianism 10

2.1 THE DEFINITION OF TOTALITARIANISM 10

2.2 THE IMPRISONMENT OF INDIVIDUAL IDEOLOGY 11

2.3 THE IMPRISONMENT OF PERSONAL EMOTION 13

2.4 PHYSICAL AND MENTAL TORTURE IN A TOTALITARIAN SOCIETY 14

Conclusion 16

Bibliography 17

Acknowledgements 18