中美跨文化交际中的禁忌文化_英语论文

Taboo Culture in Interpersonal Communication between China and America

摘要

随着全球化发展的进程，中美的交流与沟通越来越频繁。然而在交流的过程中，由于不同的文化背景与思想观念，给跨文化交际带来了一定的问题。禁忌，作为跨文化交际中十分重要的一部分，常常被人们所忽视，但带来的后果便是因为不小心触犯禁忌文化而造成不必要的误解与麻烦。因此，正确地了解禁忌语，了解中美的文化差异是必不可少的，这就要求我们重视禁忌语文化，深入透彻地研究禁忌语文化，使得中美双方的沟通更加畅通。

关键词: 禁忌语 跨文化交际 文化差异

Abstract

With the process of globalization, the communication between China and America becomes more and more frequent. However, during the process of communication, it has brought many problems to cross-cultural communication because of the different cultural background and ideology. Taboo, as an important part of cross-cultural communication, is often neglected by people, its consequence are unnecessary misunderstandings and troubles because of lack of correctly understanding of cultural taboo. Therefore, the correct understanding of taboo culture and the cultural differences between China and America are essential, which requires people to pay attention to the use of taboo word, make a deep and thorough research of taboo culture, so that the communication between people will become more smoother.

Key words: taboo word; cross-cultural communication; cultural difference

Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………....……1

1. The Origins and Development of Taboo Culture…………...........……2

  1.1 The Features of Taboo Words…………………………….......……2

    1.1.1 The National Characteristic of Taboo Words.............................2

    1.1.2 The Contemporary of Taboo Words..........................................2

    1.1.3 The Class Characteristic of Taboo Words..................................3

  1.2 The Origins and Development of Taboo culture in America............3

  1.3 The Origins and Development of Taboo Culture in China...............3

2. The Similarities of Taboo Culture between China and America............3

  2.1 The Religious Reverence for the Gods.............................................4

  2.2 The Taboo Culture for Our Changes of Physiological Conditions.............4

    2.2.1 Taboo Words of Death...............................................................4

    2.2.2 Taboo Words of Illness..............................................................4

    2.2.3 Taboo Words of Age..................................................................5

  2.3 The Taboo Culture of Privacy...........................................................5

  2.4 The Taboo Culture of Discrimination...............................................5

    2.4.1 The Taboo Words of Gender......................................................6

    2.4.2 The Taboo Words of Racial Discrimination..............................6

  2.5 Taboo Culture of Sex........................................................................6

3. The Differences of Taboo Culture between China and America............6

  3.1 Different Taboo Culture of Religious and Political Beliefs..............7

  3.2 Different Taboo Culture of Appellation............................................7

    3.2.1 Unique Chinese Taboo on Names in Ancient Times.................7

    3.2.2 Americans’ Use of Appellation..................................................7

  3.3 Different Taboo Culture of Privacy between China and America....8

  3.4 The Difference between China and America of Some Special Taboo Word.8

  3.5 Different Taboo Culture in Other Aspects between China and America.............9

    3.5.1 Taboo Culture in Colors between China and America........9

    3.5.2 Taboo Culture in Numbers between China and America.........9

    3.5.3 Taboo Words of Animals between China and America...........10

4. How to Make a Proper Cross-cultural Communication.................10

  4.1 Respect the Cultural Difference..................................................11

  4.2 Make a Full Understanding of Different Culture......................11

    4.2.1 Take Part in Their Activities.................................................11

    4.2.2 Experience Different Cultural Products..............................11

    4.2.3 Talk with the Local People....................................................11

  4.3 The Ways to Solve Cultural Conflict...........................................11

    4.3.1 The Principle of Politeness....................................................12

    4.3.2 The Principle of Not Being Sensitive..........................................................12

    4.3.3 The Principle of Being Yourself...............................................12

Conclusion...............................................................................................13

References................................................................................................14